PF 3111 
.A4 
1867 
Copy 1 






LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



003 224 980 2 $ 



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PF 3111 
.fl4 
1867 
Copy 1 




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RUDIMENTS 




OF THE 



Eilil LANGIIAG 

EXERCISES 

IN 

SwuMnmrtofl, ^peUinn and ^wiaifaj. 



BY 



0B< 



Author of the "New Method of Learning the German Language" 



AMERICAN EDITION. 

IMPROVED A\D ENLARGED. 



§tw fork. 

EJ. STBIGHR. 

18 6 7. 



i 



jl A A 



. 



LI BRARY O F C ONGRE SS, I 
^l | 

.UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.} 

J3«--%-»-%--»'%.-%--*'%^'»-<fc-»-»-»-»-*'*-%.<Q| 









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•>*/:! 



RUDIMENTS 



OF THE 



E 



L 



EXERCISES 

IN 

gAMMMdttg, Jtydtfttfl and tett#Mtt& 

by/ 



108* iff* aii, 

Author of the "New Method of Learning the German Language* 



AMERICAN EDITION. 

DIPBOYED AND ENLARGED. 




spur f *vh 

IE. STEIGER. 

1867* 



FIRST PAET. 



The German Alphabet is composed of the following twenty- 
six letters: 



German : 


English : 


Nams: 


German : 


English : 


Name: 


2t a, 


A a, 


ah, 


$1 n, 


N n, 


en, 


23 I, 


B b, 


bey, 


SD o, 


o, 


o, 


S c, 


C c, 


tsey, 


V h 


P p, 


pey, 


© b, 


D d, 


dey, 


'sx.i 


Q q, 


koo, 


g e, 


B e, 


ey, 


m\ 


R r, 


err, 


8 f, 


F f, 


ef, 


©f«, 


S s, 


ess, 


©9, 


Gg, 


gey, 


2 t, 


T t, 


tey, 


$ $, 


H h, 


hah, 


U u, 


U u, 


00, 


3 i, 


I i, 


ee, 


as », 


V v, 


fow (fou) 


3 i, 


J J. 


yot, 


233 », 


W w, 


vey, 


# % 


K k, 


kah, 


X x, 


X x, 


ix, 


8 1, 


L 1, 


el, 


W 9, 


Yy, 


ypseelon 


TOm, 


M m, 


em, 


3 3/ 


Z z, 


tset. 



Simple vowels: tt, t, \, 0, It, (t)). 

Modified vowels: a, 0, ti. 

Diphthongs, or compound sounds: ttU, ei, Ctt, att, at. 

All other letters are consonants. 



— 2 — 

PKONUNCIATIOF. 
l. 

i 3, n % m 2tt, u U. 

t like i in bit or ee in beer. 

tt and tit have the same sounds as n and W. in English. 

tt like 00 in roof. 

in, itt, tm, mt, mu, urn, un, tttt, 
nt, mm, nimm, nun, mum 

Observation. — A double consonant is preceded by a short vowel 

2. 

e % V r , St, b 2). 




C like e in there or £>ec?, or like ei in sU% 

b at the beginning of a syllable like the English d» at the end almost 
like t* 

t f unlike the English I*j pronounced with greater force and a roll- 
ing sound. 

(£r, bet, bent, Un f bu, bit, nut, nut, unb, runb, bumm, 
irr, benn, 9Jtunb, SRtnb, Dur, SJJurt, §Runu 



— 3 — 



^^a 



&**<**> 



In final syllables c is very short, and must be pronounced softly: 

veben, irben, benen, nennen, murrcn, immer, enbett, mtnbetn, 

Srbe, SDline, 9Ktme, SRebner, Smme, Sftuber, Semite, 

Summer, Sbetu 



<**&/***&&&4<- . 



%<***00&S?0 



m?i<4&*&, ■&<^w&**~&'?2- . nt&p^i&n*** 






■?****>&■> 



***i 



'^■tm-fi&fr. 



3. 



-a 



nZ- a: 



o ■£>, 

like in no/ or in stone. 
like a in Tiard, father. 



& 



aiv ta/ wan, arm/ ober, morben, orbnett, cmbre, 2)orn, 

SStonb, SRanb, SKorb, SDom, 3)atm, SRab, Stber, Stotme, 

Sflobe, Same, £)rben, 9iame, farmer* 



r w4&ft. 



'&*w*'&rt<"**- . 



&<***> 



STJZv******, -f^fiti 







****&?€& 



— 4 — 



s^- 



<%~ 0& 



» ffl, » SB. 

1} sounds like the English f t 

ttJ is pronounced almost like the English V« 

son, sor, mo, ttemt, tocmn, som, t>om, roatnt, nmnb, *mrb, 

fterben, roeber, tirinben, tmbmett, iwrbre, ttanbem, ttoran, 

»orati, SBinb, SBanb, SBinbe, SBunber, SBurm, 3?er», 

SBabe, Sormunb, SBibber, 233anne*- 



V r^^^rrrrr, 



*<>&**■, *iZl&&"&&i^A<rt<-*t**, 



^rtZ-CPj /&£&&***&***&■, 6%%^A#<-i&&? 



5. 




• " ■="*— v 



5 23, I 8, f & 

I), J, f have the same sounds as b, I, f in English ; B, at the end 
of a word, is pronounced almost like p« 

lin, al, ob, oben, aber, bras, btnbett, tteben, Sab, 
23oben, 23rob, Sanb, 25irne, 23ube, Srubcr, JRaBe, Sbbe. 



* ' 






&*&*****&**, 



'&&1&, ts £■£?&>-&&■/ -^?i<"fr&fr&&. 



— 5 — 



leten, lernen, lattett, t»otf, atte, rotten, Itnbern, M, 
8abe, 8amm, £cber, 8am, 23att, ffiBttte* 

&£&■*&&&**■, o^^frZ^Pf-, < s *2t-&--*'&'fr-&- / «*^^*^^ / 




fern, fromtn, fremb, fatten, offen, rufen, foerfen, Sfetb, 
Sarfce, $eber, Stamme, guber, 2Baffe, Dfen, 2BoIf^ 

Sftenb, 23lume, £>orf, Site, gaffe, Stanbet, 9leM, 
3tebe, Ufer, SBaffel. 



}) and t have the same sounds as p and t in English. 

plump, pratten, pappen, $alme, $ubel, $ufoer, $uppe, 

$appel, STOappe, $famte, $fevb, $funb, 9Japf, Dpfcr, 

£)ampf, $fropfen* 

j£^tfrt*'1>i#'** / rt>**~2tt1b<4*> / &'&^<2>&** / i£^&&l* / 



— 6 




w^^h^***, 



tofl, txo&m, toktt, treffert, fctaten, bttftett, retten, £abel, 
£cmne, £ob, Srttt, 8uft, SSater, Gutter. 



1jt-4£4£lfrHC. 



tapfer, platt, Steppe, £topfen, £ufye, JErumpf, £empel, 




I . $♦ 

5 is aspirated, like II in the English word hold. After a vowel or a 
t, | is not pronounced, but indicates that the syllable is long. 
Jllj is pronounced like f« 

$er, fin, Ijett, Ijaft, Ijolb, I;att, Ijetfv Ijelfen, Jjoffett, 

ipafer, £alm, £err, £eft, £lrt, £tmmei, £of, ^opfen, 

£uf, £unb. 




&.&&&&&, ^mf*W'& / &WZ-&&&* 



^^**&' : frrt c & / sZo'tp**iesf s^fr***-^ ^fr&n***, 



t — 




toel;, xtfyf ftoij, nctljen, fleljen, broken, ruljen, SRelj, Sofye, 
&ruf)e, 2el;en, @$e* 

Ijof)!, td)m, ttaljr, t^m, ifr, mel)r, iljnen, feljlen, predion, 

$fafjl, gfa^ne, 8e$ite, Sefym, £>i>r, Sourer, Uf>r, Stu^m, 

t^uen, rott), S^al, £{)urm, £§or, S^ron, 3Sut$, Stut^e, 

8tat$, £J)at, £>rd)t, 3Bett$, ga$tt, W&W, Wbotfo. 

8. 

- /^ - /^ - <¥ 

w esc-**, *& L^-fr, *& &Z** m 

<i Sfe, 5 De, ft Ue. 

a like a in care, fate. 
almost like U in murder. 

tt has no corresponding sound in English; it is pronounced like 
the French lit 

chtbern, afytteln, ttdljlen, fallen, ndljett, ndljren, na^em, 
Ste^re, Sat, 2Bdrme, SDBarter, S^rcme, £dwt, Skater* 

6be, MiJbe, tfjonern, $Srcn, fiffnen, ttrilfcn, ttfbten, Del, 
3W)re, ggffel, glitte, 93fortner, £%, OTorber. 



ixbtx, fifr, frulj, fitttf, bxinn, mitbe, fu^Ieit, fitflett, ppfett, 

urn, mfyt, wtyit, mmx, tym, mtyt, $w, £fittt. 






-&**&**. 




?&&/ <ZArft-&& 






f ®, 



M 



&. 



f has a somewhat softer sound than the English S# 
8 is used at the end of words and syllables. 

fb, fdjt, felten, fammeln, factt, fef>en, ftttfam, ©aft, ©dM, 
©ol)n, ©fitter, ©umpf, ©itnbe, ©enf, ©titer, ©pfydre* 

lefen, Idfert, Mafen, taffen, effett, totffen, mufien, Safe, 

gafer, 23efen, gerfe, 3We, ©enfe, Snfcl, £utfe, 2Baffer, 

SldjTe, ©effel, STOefTcr, fsjfe, buffet, ffliffen, £affe* 

e$, fcas, BU, mas, afe, uns, Ios, anbers, Bo^aft, £als, 
gels, SBamms, 3>ufe, 25er3, ©ims, 2Rop&. 




^^^^^f-l^l? / &£■£&* 



, ^^^/j^z^piv**, '&f£<£**C'6 1 , 



&£&&£'&&*>> 







10. 

</^^ % & 

I % &, q Q. 

f sounds like the English kt if replaces double k» 
If, always followed by U, sounds like qu in quire. 

Ictlt, liar, trmnm, lit!)!, Inapp, tneten, Mpfen, ttopfen, 
Sampf, Safe, Sopf, Sorper, Stvfy, Pilfer, Sefyle, Serf, 
Stnb, Alette, AUppe, Anafce, Snail, Snopf, Snoten, 

Stone, SreK 
Irani, benfen, trinlen, mellen, roelfen, nterlen, ttritlen, 
£afen, Sufe, gfel, £>anf, SBinf, StoH, SBoffe, Serf, 

ffiirle, SJlarft, 2Ru*Iet, 5DteIe* 

bid/ led, mader, troden, Mden, tteden, £)rud, ©ad, 

9>M/ «™<fe, 9iaden, SSader, £>edel, tffaft* 

quer, quttt, qudten, qualen, Sequent, DucHe, Dual, 
Duttte, Dualm, Duart, Duaber* 

11. 

® ©$, (i ©t, fp ©p. 

f(f) sounds like the English sht 




■&&'rtt-'Z*-'&-'&-'&& 




— 10 — 

fl and f^J like St and Sp in English, at the beginning of a word 
approaching the sound Sht and Shp» 

fdjarf, fdjBit, fcfyltmm, fdjmal, fdjneH, fdjroff, fdjwer, fdjmitl, 
©kernel, ©d)tfj> ©djut), ©d)laf, ©dfylitten, ©cfymud, 
©djnaM, ©cfyted, ©dbrtft; ©djrocm, ©d^mitr, ©cfyrcert, 
xafd^, frifdj, barfdj, falfdj, pbfd), ftf^ett, quetftyen, 
Sift, 23ufc$, grofc^, gRaft; Jpttffy SBunft, glafc^e, 
2Baf^e, Sutfd&c* 



^^?&<&&-&f. / ^^£&'£&**- / ^^%&&&'*^fr*4-j 




faft, et(i, ttnift, buffet, fonft, flcjietn, ljuften, fHtjlent,- lifpeln, 

l)afpeln, Sljl, Srujt, 3>(Ia(icr, Duafie, gtjle, flitfte, grofi, 

gorji, ©deeper, Surjie, P&ft, $<#, filler, tfunft, 

£atnftcr, 5tnofpe, 2Befpe* 

flat!, ftitt, jhtmm, (liken, fle^len, jblpern, jhicfett, ©tat;I, 
©tern, ©tod, ©tufce, ©traf)l, ©tranb, ©ttol), ©trumpf* 

[paten, fpat, fpinnen, fpiilen, fprfibe, fpriifyen, fproffen, ©ped, 
©pott, ©porn, ©punb, ©petite, ©pinbel, Splitter* 

<^Z*^5*^, '&&&^Zifr*& / ^£&-^&-4& / ^%*<"&tjZ?fr-&Z- / 



11 — 
12. 




J§, in the middle or at the end of a word, has two different sounds. 
For the correct pronunciation the pupil must refer to his 
teacher, as there is no corresponding sound in English. 

i$, mid), nidjt, butdj, recfyt, fdjtecfyt, tteld^er, manner, 
tadEjen, fpredjeit, fittdjten, l^rdjen, fd^arcfyen, redjiten, 
©tridj, S3ic4 «el^, 2Rity, £>o% 2Jl8tK$, @tor<$, flned&t, 
$fUd&t, 3ttd>ter, tfud&e, Soccer, gadder, Serd&e, tftrd&e, 
gurdje, SMbdjen, £iitdjau 

na$, wad), nod), Ijodj, f a $*/ wcidjen, focfyen, fu$en, 

fd^Iad^tett, Sadj, ©d^mad), 5Luc^, 23rudj ; Sod), dactyl:, 

®o$t, ©dfyludjt, ©ad)e, ©ptacfye, SBocfye, Sudje, £od)tev, 

©tadjel, Stamen, Snod)etn 

ffj§ or tijf is pronounced like X when these consonants belong to 
the root or radical syllable. 

fecfys, roadmen, ttndjfen, brecfyfeltt, loed^fetn, %a<$$, Qatyz, 



y^^^j^v s^^^^^ ^€^^^^^ / 









— 12 — 
13. 

@. 

% f at the beginning of a word, sounds like the English % in good; 
between two vowels, and at the end of a syllable, the sound 
is generally like fy, only much softened. 

gar, gut, gelb, grim, glatt, grot, geflern, gerabe, @aM, 
©and, ©eft, ©idjt, ©las, ©locfe, ©nabe, ©ras, ©urfe* 

arg, fd)rag, gegen, trage, regnen, fegnen, mogen, liigen, 

artig, enng, rtcpg, titd)ttg, SDeg, ©teg, £alg, ©arg, 

2Serg, Surg, ©egenb, Seget, ©age, glitgel, Sgel, 

23itrger, Drgel, ©urgel, SSntg, $vni$+ 

Hug, flugs, genug, tnager, fagen, fragen, Ilagen, Sag, 

%xp&f Slug, $flug, SKagb, Sager, 2kget, $lage, 23ogen, 

SBoge, Sogel, Stoggen, Slagge* 

ttg sounds like Ug in ring. The pronunciation is the same, when 
ttlj is followed by a vowel, like fing-er, not like the English 
fin-ger, 

eag, flreng, tchtgjt, gertng, fcange, f-rmgen, fmgen, ftren* 

gen, ©ang, ^Iang A £)ing, 9ftng, ©djnmng, SBange, 

©ngel, Singer, Stngft, £engji. 



— 13 — 




6c^^&&*e#^atf<. / f^rttw*^, 



"7"- 



14. 




fj is either preceded by a long vowel and has the sound of the 
English SS$ or is used instead of f£ at the end of a word and 
of fj before t. 

S tof, Mop, fiip, gup, ©rup,. atuf, 2Kap, ©pap, ©top, 
KIop, ©trape, Supe, SSflupe, ©rSpe. 

fcap, nap, Map, ©d&ufr 9?up, Stop, @<Mop, gap, £ap, 

8Hp, 23tp, ©djlup, gtup, tfup, ©apd)«t, geroip, ntlflidj, 

gefapt, Mnmpt. 

t^jp£irjC/ f l^C^-tV^c/, t/^-t'lC/, c^ZhWj&j 




15. 



i 





^ 2r f- / 



^ 



J 3, 



1/ 



>: £. 



j is pronounced like y in you. 

J sounds like tSJ \ replaces double J. 

J sounds like X» 



— 14 — 

fa/ fa/ $% l&th fang, jthtgft, jiebodj, Sagb, 3agcr, 
3al)r, 3o$, 3uM, Sugenb, Surcet 

J"/ 2% ga^trt, ge$n, 3»ar, g»81f, a^if^en, Saljtt, 3$c, 
3edje, Soil, 3unge, 3u<Ier, Simmer, Seeing, 3»erg, 
ftirj, fd?marg, ftolj, gang, gttangig, fradfoen, fd&lud&jen, 
@$»cmj, 3>ffanje, ©djmatg, $clj, £olg, $atj, <S^merg, 

tw|, firift, jefct, jtrfefct, fefteti, f$a£en, pu£en, f^uften, @a$, 
9Je£, Sltft, Itlofc, flafce, gejen, 9tugen, ©prifcr, SMfce* 

fir, Sfrt, $mr, £ere, Seamen, Srempel, 3£erre$* 



y '3^&^fr&** / 





yy y yy T- 

16. 



^*^ ■€#■&&, IP**-, -C&*. 
' J ' 

an, au, eu, at 

Hit is pronounced like OH in house, out. 

IIU and Clt sound almost like oy in boy. 

oi is pronounced by drawing the sounds of a and I quickly together. 

cms, ctuf, audj, grew, Mau, rauf , laut, taugen, tauten, 



— 15 



$rau, Zfyau, Sraut, $am, $awpt, ©traudfy, gaujt, ©trau§, 
23atmt, 3awt, ©taub, Sluge, ©cfynauje, £>aumen, $aufe* 

rdumett, trdumen, rdttdjertt, tdufd^ett, glduMg, grdultcfy, 
©dule, SRdufcer, itdttfer, 23dumcfyen, SSKdugcfyen, Sdujcfyetu 

neu, end), netm, trett, %uer, euer, Ijeut, beutett, kugen, 

£eu, ftreuj, 3eug, Sremtb, geuer, greube, £eu$ler, 

Seudjter, ©cfyeune* 

SMai, SWate, Sate, SBatfe, flatfer, ©atte, 

^t^Zcp^j t&it&t^mit&t-j ^>Z&'/&'fr<fr7P** / J^^fr**, 

17. 

&, iu 

Ct sounds like i in side. 

it sounds like ie in field, bier. 

cut, ixon, bret, tteht, mem, bent, fcin, fletn, fret, $ehtt, 
$eil, tt>ett, Brett, fetg, retcfy, leidjt, weifi, St, Ste, Srets, 
fflctf, Sett, SBcta, SBetb, 3»elfl, £et$, girfj, ©eta, 
flletb, gletp, ©eijt, Stetf, £eim, SRet^e, 5tteie, 3»eifcl, 
@id)e, ©etge, grdulettu 

bie, tote, trie, Diet, irier, ftetett, ttef, tirieber, liet, nteber, 
frierett, fUefjen, fried)en, liegett, fltefyen, 3)tefc, S^ter, 



16 — 



ttttc, SSicI, ^rieg, flies, ©piep, ffltcr, ©ptel, S)tetifl, 
spfrtem, ©lieb, ffiiene, Siege, Piemen, ©ttefet, $riejto* 




^^^Ifrt^fr**, ^^Z^^rt^fr**, &</&&■£<&, 




'.&.■?-& 



■&■'&''&'•&'* 



, Sl^frZ-fr, 




fet, fte, jetyett, ai^en, fteben, feiben, serfdjeiben, ttetfcfyte* 

ben, tet^en, ttedjen, Sieb, 8ctb, fliet, fleit, Slete, SRie^, 

glttp, gleif, SRiefe, SReifc, SBeife, SBiefe. 



18. 



IP**, -&-&. 



aa, 



ee, 



w+ 



d&, tt, 00 sound like o, e, 0, and are always long. 

Uax, $aar, £aar, ©aat, ©aat, ©$aar, SBaare* 

leer, fc^eel, ©$nee, fltee, S.eet, £eer, Seere, ©eele, Jtamcet 

9J?oor, SSoot, Soos, ©djoofr 



-CSfitP**. 




9 % c 6, <% tt 

in words derived from foreign languages. 
t) is pronounced like i» 

fyrifdj, mtytfjtfd), $$ant, Styrann, @9fy$e, ©pmM, 
Styramibe, SWtf, Stymie, ^p^mne. 

(E is pronounced like J before a, e, o, X, i), and like f before 
0, 0, vt f or a consonant. 

(Eafar, (£eber, Senttter, (Etftettte, Sitrone, Gtypreffe, 
Eapttal, Siasier, Sommobe, Sompag, &mgrej?, Sonccrt 

®f) is pronounced before a, e, *t, t) like $ in t(fj, before other 
vowels or consonants, in general, like k« In words derived 
from the French, it sounds almost like SJi» 

(S&emte, E$eru&, (E&trutfj* 
G^aos, E^atalter, (S^or, E$rt|t 
(Sharpie, S^ocolabe, S^ampagner- 

The syllable it, when followed by~a vowel, is generally pronounced 
like Jt. 

Station, portion, Sfuctton, patient, Sfctte* 







— 18 — 

THE SYLLABIC ACCENT. 

SIMPLE WORDS. 

Simple words have the accent, in general, on the root or 
radical syllable. 

They are either monosyllabic roots, or consist of the root and 
one or more unaccented syllables. The latter may be placed before 
the root, as fo, tmp, Cttt, tt, ge, tier, jer, or after the root, as e, el, 
en, enfc, er, crtt, eS, ej!, ti, idjt, tg, in, tfdj, lid), djen, ung. 

EXAMPLES. 

auf, ait, Ux, butd), gut, arm, grop, Item, %tclu, tftnb, 
£aus, SDadj* 

Seruf, Smpfang, Sntwurf, ©rttag, ©efang, SSernunft, 

SerfaU. 

<£rbe, Sogel, 93efen, £ugenb, tmeber, gauberu, affes, Sfintg, 
©ididjt, fhtbtfd), 85untt, fittbltd), SDZdbd^cn, 2Bi?fmung- 

innevltcf), fiffentlid^ jugenbltd), ttaffertg, wentgftens, ittmgens, 

enbtgen, fd)wdrmerifd), Sontght, SMttercfyen, fReifenber, 

SSttterung. 

enikljrett, ^evtrummetn, empfmblt$, empotenb, geroatttg, 

ethmerlid), tteremtgen, tterbeutlidjen, fceftattgen, ©etutge, 

©ntbeder, 23eerbtgung, SSerttunberung, ©rmangelung* 

Many words, taken from foreign languages, have the accent on 
the last syllable. 

EXAMPLES. 

©tubent, ftykx, ©olbat, Sflajor, ©eneral, ^ameet, Wloraft, 
Goncert, detail, SDtuftf, 9htur, Exemplar, £ermtn, fatal 



— 19 — 
COMPOUND WORDS. 

Compound words are either combinations of independent words, 
or may partly consist of accented prefixes, as lilt, lttt&, or accented 
final syllables, as Bar, fjaft, Kng, W/ !$<*!*> W§> &$> Uw, tljuitt, leitt, 
el, (jeif, hit, tret!. 

Each component keeps its proper accent, the principal accent 
being, in general, laid on the first component. 

EXAMPLES. 

umnteljm, cmgenetjm, ntitletbig, iiktmilt^tg, umfommen, 
cmfljoren, emne^men, entgegengeljen, Shtfcmg, Sfntn^ort, 
«&erfunft, Sftctcfyric^t, Dutdjf^uitt, SSormunb, Sffitberfprud), 
tteierjitg, Stofage, SCufttJarter, ©egettgefdjenf, Winter* 
geiciube, 33crf>ebeututtg* 

Mafgtim, getffretdj, l)tmmeIWcut, fjartfjer^tg, iaufafltg, 
IteJenwiirbtfj, tobesmutytg, ttoljtgelwren, Jpaustpr, £anb* 
maim, Sro^fittit, SWemcib, ©cmbnmfte, 2)rudfel)ter, 9tot$* 
fefyldjen, ©cfylafeimmer, SKeijierfHUf, Stfcrglcutfce, 23tutnen* 
garten, 3?egenttaffer, ©efcetfotdj,. ©efcurtstag, ©djtefc 
getter, @tl6ergef$irr, SKcttf^enaerftanb, SReifegefa^rte, 
Sftaulfceerfcaum, Uigropmutter* 

furd&ttar, Bo«$aft, ntujfcr^aft, Be^utfam, unarttg, m* 
frud)tf>at, uttbcbadjtfam, mtggejkltet, SieMing, ©djuffal, 
gteunbfcfyaft, £eimatfy, gfrauleht, $mjtoni§, SSerfaum* 
\\\§, Sretyett, SBiit^erid), gurfkntl)utn, getntyett, Ungliuf, 
2Jlipu>ad&s, 3flt£gefd)td, gntf^loffen^cit, Unbcmfbarleit, 
Sunglhtgsalter* 



— 20 — 

There are, licrwever, a number of compound words winch have 
the principal accent not on the first component. 

EXAMPLES'. 

barcm, gurM, jumiber, sotfjer, too^on, tyuteht, fyxab, 
cmkt, bureaus, tnbeffcn, itfcer^aupt, fcetgauf, gegenufcer* 

cittmatig, Jwrtyanben, juTunfttg, fcarm^erjig, aflmadjttg, 
»ortreffIid^, unfetyl&ar* 

ttoKenben, miflttitgett, burcfyWdttem, tmtarmett, fiBertrejfen, 
^tntetgc^eti, tttberfpredjen, imterfudjem 

fpa^teren, tegteren, jhtbtren, ntarfdjtten, tu$fta&taiu 

^ra^tem, ©nftebler, Sterteljaljr, Sa^unbert, ©ornten* 

aufgang* 



SECOND PART 



PEAOTIOAL EXERCISES. 



ber (masc), bte (fern.), bdS (neut), the. 
ber 33atev, the father. ber ®avtcn, the garden, 

bte SDJuttcr, the mother. bte ©tcibr, the town, the city. 

i)Ci$ 23ud), the book. ba$ 2tteffcr, the knife, 

imb, and. 

Observation. — 1) All German nonns begin with a capital letter. 
2). Articles, adjectives and pronouns must, in general, be repeated 
before each noun to which they belong. 

Example.— The father and mother. 2)er SBatcr imb bte SOZutter. 

£)er 93ater unb bte Gutter* 3)er ©arten unb bte 
etabt Das 23ud) unb bas SJeffer* 

2. 

ber <£o()tt, the son. ber £tfcf), the table, 

bte Softer, the daughter. bie geber, the pen. 
ta8 §au$, the house. baS ^apter, the paper. 

Der ©oljn unb bie Stouter* Dte geber unb bas 
papier* 5Dcr Stfdj unb bas £au&. Der Setter unb 
ber <3o$ru Die Sautter unb bte £od)ter* Das 23udj 
unb bie geber* Das £aus unb ber ©arteru 

21 



— 22 — 

3. 

ber SDtamt, the man. bcr £mtb, the dog. 

bic grau, the woman. bte $ci£e, the cat. 

ba$ $mb, the child. baS $ferb, the horse. 

£)er SMann, bte grau, t>as Stub* S)er £unb, bte 
flafce unb bas 5>fetb. £>er Sater, bte SKuttcr unb baa 
&btb« £>as Suc^, bte geber unb bas papier. 3)a* 
$aus, bet Oatten unb bte ©tabt 2)er £ifdj, bas 
SWcffcr unb bte geber* 

4. 

bcr SBruber, the brother. bcr SBoget, the bird. 

: bte ©djtoejier, the sister. bte S3lume, the flower, 

bag £)orf, the village. bag ©d)fog, the castle. 

£)et Srubct unb bte ©djttejier* £)er iBogel unb bie 
SSlunte. £>as Dorf unb bas ©(fyfofL £>et Sater unb 
ber Stuber. S)ie Stutter unb bie ©ctywefta* £>a$ S)orf 
unb bie ©tabt Dct 9Jtatm unb bas £inb* Die grmi 
unb bte Softer* £)er 2if$ unb bas Stefle* 

5. 

The father and the mother. The son and the 
daughter. The brother and the sister. The man 
and the woman. The house and the garden. The 
dog and the cat. The pen and the knife. The 
village and the castle. The bird and the flower. 
The book and the child. The dog and the horse. 



— 23 — 

6. 

cut (masc), cine (fern.), cm (neut.), a, an. 
em $ater, a father; cine Sftutter, a mother; em Sucf), a book. 

©in SSater unb eine SWuttet. ©in ©oljn unb eine 
£o$ter«. ©in Stubct unb eine ©cfyrcefter* Sin Warn 
unb eine grau* ©in ©arten, eine ©tabt unb ein 
&au$+ ©in 23ucfy unb eine Sfeber* ©in £unb, eine 
$a£e unb tin $ferb+ ©in £>orf unb ein ©djlop* 



7.1 



©in SSogel unb eine 331ume* ©in S)otf unb eine 

©tabt ©ine gebet unb ein papier, ©in 25ucfy unb 

ein SWeffer* ©in SSater unb ein $inb* ©in SHfd) unb 

ein £au$* ©ine £oc&ter unS eine ©dwefter* ©in 
©o^n unb ein 23ruber. 



8. 



A man and a woman. A cat and a dog. A 
horse and a bird. A town and a village. A father 
and a child. A mother and a daughter. A knife 
and a pen. A book and a flower. A table and 
a pen. A brother and a sister. A son and a 
daughter. A garden and a house. 



~ 24 — 

9. 

ntcin, roeme, nteut, my. 

be in, beine, be in, your (thy), 
bcr Oitfet, the uncle. ber gtounb, the friend, 

bie Xante, the aunt. bie fjlafdje, the bottle. 

ba$ (§Hag, the glass. baS SBctffcr, the water. 

SWeht Dnfel xtnb mehte SEante* 9Heht ©las unb 
metne gtafcfye* Dcin $ater unb beine SKuttcr* S)ctn 
Srubcr unb beine ©d^efter* SSetn @oI)u unb nteine 
Zdfyttx. Wlthx SSud) xtnb metnc geber* S)ein ©arten 
unb bent £aus> £)ein £unb unb bent $ferb+ 2Kein 
greunb itnb bein greunb. 9JMne Slume unb beine 
23lume. With SWeffer imb bein SDlcffcr- 

10. 

tmfcr, nnfere, unfcr, our. 
eucr, euete, cuev, your, 
unfer $ater, our father; unferc Gutter, our mother; 
unfcr ficmS, our house. 



bent $ater, ) , ,. beine SMutter, ) ,, 

cuev SJater, j 7°°* fatlier - euere gutter, [ ^ our motheT ' 

bein £>au3, 1 , 

cucr§au8,F ourhouse - 

Obsehvation. — fWr is translated by bein, beine, bettt, when 
referring to one person. It is, in the following exercises, marked 
your (1), to be distinguished from your, euer, euere, eucr, which 
refers to several persons. 

Unfcr SJater unb unfete Stutter* Unfer 23rttber unb 
unfete ©d)tt>efier* (£uer Dnfel unb euere SLcmte* @uer 
@ol)n unb euere Zo&jtex. Unfcr £unb, unfere $a§e 



— 25 — 

unb unfer $ferb* Unfere ©tabt unb unfer £>au3+ Unfer 
©lag unb unfere gflafdje. Unfer Jtinb unb euer Smb. 
Unfer 23ud) unb euer $Bu$)+ Unfere geber unb euere 
geber* Unfer ©arten unb euer ©arten. Unfere Slumc 
unb euere 231ume> Unfer greunb unh euer greunb* 

11. 

The uncle and the aunt. The bottle and the 
glass. The bottle and the water. My father and 
my mother. Our brother and our sister. My bird 
and my flower. Our garden and our house. Your 
town and your village. My horse and my cat. 
Our town and our castle. The brother and the sis- 
ter. My book and my pen. Your son and your 
daughter. My friend and your (1) friend. My 
glass and my bottle. Your dog and your cat. 

12 

btefer, biefe, btefeS, this. 

bicfer SBater, this father; biefe SDtutter, this mother; 

btefeS $tnb, this child. 

£>iefer Sater, biefe Gutter unb biefeg Smb. S)tefer 
©arten, biefe ©tabt unb biefes £>aus. £)iefeg Dorf unb 
biefes @d)log* 3)iefes ©lag unb biefe glafd&e* liefer 
SDlann unb biefe grau* Dtefe geber, biefes Tltffa unb 
btefes papier* liefer £unb, biefe $a£e unb btefeg $>ferb* 



— 26 — 

©tefer SSoget unb biefe 23tume* liefer Slfdj, btefe glafcfye 
unb biefe$ SBaffer* £)iefes Sucty unb biefe gebet\ 

13. 

This liorse and this dog. This dog and this 
cat. This bottle and this water. This brother and 
this sister. This son and this daughter. This 
paper and this pen. This castle and this house. 
This father and this child. This knife and this 
table. This bird and this cat. This man and this 
woman. This town and this village. '* 



14. 



alt, old. 


gvo§, great, large, tall. 


jung, young. 


He in, little, small, short. 


neu, new. 


f(f)0tt, beautiful, fine. 


gut, good. 


frcmf, ill, sick. 


il*C«, faithful. 


Itiifcttdj, useful. 


mube, tired. 


ffetjjtg, diligent. 


$arl, Charles. 


Souife, Louisa. 



tft, is 

©er Skier iji alt £>te Gutter ifi Jung* 2)as 23u$ 
ifi neiu S)et ©arten iji grog* 2>te ©tabt ifi flettu 
2)a$ $au$ iji fdbJm £)er £unb ifi treu* 3)a$ g>ferb 
ifi tuifclidj* Sari iji fleijng* £ouife ifi miibe. £)er 
SBogel iji tltixu 3)ie 231ume iji f$on* 2)ae 35orf ifi 
grog. £er Dnfel ift Irant £>ie £ante ifi mitbe. 



— 21 — 

£>er S£ifi$ iji neu. £>te geber iji llein. £>a£ papier 
ifi gut. ®as 2»e(Tcr tft f$*t& 

15. 

My father is old. My mother is young. Oar 
garden is small. Our town is large. Your horse 
is beautiful. Your dog • is faithful. My bird is 
small. My son is ill. My daughter is diligent. 
Our table is new. Your pen is good. This book 
is useful. Your (1) uncle is tall. Your (1) aunt 
is short. My brother is tired. Charles is my 
brother. Louisa is my sister. 

16. 

A 

Btdjt, not. _* 

retdj, rich; arm, poor; fur, for. 

Unfer SSater ifi nid)t alt Unfere Gutter tft ntfy 
Irant Suer Dnlet iji nicfyt retd). dum Zantt tft 
ntd)t arm. Sffieut S3ruber iji ntd)t llein. Wltint <&tym* 
jier iji nicfyt grofn 2)tefes £au3 iji nic^t neu. SDiefe 
SSIume iji nicfyt fd)6n. Sari iji nid)t fletptg. Soutfe 
iji ntd)t tnitbe. S)cin SKeffer iji gut. JDeitte geber 
tft ntd)t gut. Sftein. Dnlel iji Irani. SKeine £ante iji 
nid)t Irani, liefer $ogel iji fitr Sari, ©icfe Slume 
tft fur Souife. 



— 28 — 

17. 

fmb, are. 

Sftetn SSater unb metnc Sautter finb Irani 2Mn 
Sruber unb ntehte @$tt>ejler [tub ntube* SUieut 23ud) 
unb metnc geber [tub gut ©iter Jpunb ill treu* Sin 
£unb unb ein $ferb fmb nu#Iiiju 3) em Sogel unb 
beine Slumcn fmb f$8tu Unfer S)orf unb unfer ©d)Iop 
fmb flehu SMefer SJlann unb biefe $rau fmb alt 
Unfer ©ruber unb unfere Sdjroejier finb Jung* £>tefe 
geber unb btefes papier f m ^ U ^ ^ n f et >DnfcI xmh 
unfere £ante fmb reidj* Suer ©tfljn unb euere £od)ter 
fmb fJetfifl- 

18. 

The man is not old. The woman is not young. 
The uncle is not rich. The aunt is not poor. This 
bird is not beautiful. This flower is not fine. My 
brother is not short. My sister is not tall. My 
child is not ill. Your brother is not diligent. This 
dog is not faithful. Charles is not my brother. 
Louisa is not my sister. This knife is not new. 
Our uncle and aunt are not young. My brother 
and sister are not ill. Charles and Louisa are 
not diligent. This horse and this dog are useful. 
This bird and this flower are for Charles. This 
paper and this pen are for Louisa. 



— 29 — 

19. 

ftvttg, good, gentle. gtiicflidj, happy. 

3ji bein Sater Iran!? 3ft betne Gutter Jung? 
3fi btefer £unb trcu? 3ft btcfce 3>fcrb nid)t inifclidj? 
3fi Sari fleiptg? 3ft Souife nid^t arttg ? 3fl biefe 
©tabt g™£? 3ft btefer S)orf Hem? 3ft bas ©d)tog 
fd^Bn ? 3ft ^uer Dnlel reicfy ? 3ft euere £ante arm ? 
3ft biefes 23ud) next? 3ft biefe gran ntc^t gificflid)? 
3|i btefer SKatm nid)t jTeifitg? 

20. 

ber Str^t, the physician. §einridj, Henry, 

bie SDZagb, the maid-servant. . (Smttie, Emily. 
§err, gentleman, sir. 
§ter ift, here is; bet ift, there is; too, where. 

£einricfy ift mem 23ruber* Smitie tji meine ©$we* 
per. £>iefer £err iji unfer Slrjt* £)iefc Stau ifi unfetc 
SWagb* Sari tji mem ©o$m Souife iji meine 5Eod)ter* 
£ier ift euer SMefier unb euere $eber* x>a iji betn 
23ud) unb betn papier. SBo ift mete Dnlel unb meine 
Sante? SQo ift bas ©to unb bie gtafd^e ? 2Bo iji 
ber SSogel unb bie 331ume? 3ft euere SKagb Irani? 
Unfere SDtagb iji nldft Irani 3ji £einrid) mitbe? 
.gjcinrid) iji ntdjt mitbe. 

21. 

Is your (1) brother ill ? Is your (1) mother young ? 
Is our physician old? Is our maid-servant 



— 30 — 

faithful? Is my garden large? Is your house 
small? Is this gentleman your uncle? Is this 
dog not useful? Is this pen not good? Where 
is my knife ? Where is my glass ? Here is your (1) 
knife and there is your (1) glass. Is Henry not 
diligent ? Is Emily not good ? Is Charles your (1) 
brother ? Is Louisa your (1) sister ? 

22. 

id) bin, I am; 

bit bl% you are (thou art), 
ber -fteffe, the nephew. mtmter, gay. 

bte 9ltd)tc, the niece. gufriebett, contented, 

immer, always; fcljr, very; \a, yes; netn, no. 

3$ tin gufrieben- £)u Wjl nt$t immer gufrteben* 
$arl ifl immer munter* £outfe tji ntdjt immer ftetjng* 
3d) tin bein Sruber* 35u trijt metne ©djmefter* £em* 
xify ift unfer greunb* Sin id} glitdltd) ? Sin id) ntd)t 
8rop? Sip bu Iran!? Stfi bu nic^t artig? 3ft 
gmtlie ntc^t ^ufrteben? 3ft btefer £err ein Str^t? 3a, 
btefer £err tji ein %x^t 3ft biefe $rau euere SWagb ? 
•ftem, btefe %xau ifi ntd)t unfere %fla$. 3ft btefer 
©cfytog ntdjt fd)im? 3ft btefe Weber ntd)t gut? 3c^ 
Bin bein Dttfel, bu itft mein 5Jeffe. Sijl bu metne 
5Lante? 23tn id) betne 9?td)te? Sift bu mem greunb, 
£etnrtd)? 3a, ify tin bein greunb. 



— 31 — 
23. 

I am poor. You are rich. I am your (1) son, 
you are my father. Louisa is your (1) daughter. 
Henry is our friend. Are you contented, Charles? 
Yes, I am contented. Are you ill, Emily? No, I 
am not ill. You are not always diligent, Emily. 
Are you tired ? No, I am not tired. My nephew 
and niece are very young. Am I your (1) friend, 
Henry? Yes, you are my friend. Am I not happy? 
Yes, you are very happy. 

24. 

er, fte, e8 ift, he, she, it is. 
traitricj, sad; afcer, but; aucf), also; Ijier, here; ha, there. 

2)er ©arten ift nid)t groj5, after er ift fetjr fd)5m 
£)te ©tabt ift f^on, after fte iff fe$r fichu £>as £au$ 
ijr alt; eg ift ntcfyt neu* SWetn 33ater ift Irani; er ift 
feljr traurtg. 3ft betne Gutter aud) Irani? 9?em, fte 
ift nidjt Irani. 3ft biefcr £unb treu? 3a, er ift fel)r 
trau 3ft biefee 23ud) md?t fdjon? 3a, es if* fd)on, 
after e$ ift nldjt ttfifclify So ift Sari? <£r ift i)ter, 
Sautter. $Bo ift gmtlie? ©te i# aucfy $ter* 3(1 cuer 
Dnlel retd)? 3a, er ift feljr reidj. 3ft btefe grau arm? 
3a, fte ift fetyr arm. 3ft biefes fltab Irani? 3ff, ed 
ift fe^r Irani 



- 32 - 
25. 

Is Henry your (1) brother ? Yes, he is my 
brother. Is Louisa your (1) sister ? No, she is 
not my sister. Is this man poor? Yes, he is 
very poor. Is this woman ill? No, she is not 
ill. Is not our dog faithful? Yes, he is very 
faithful, but he is not beautiful. Is not this village 
small? Yes, it is very small. Is not our garden 
large? Yes, it is very large. Is this flower not 
beautiful? Yes, it is very beautiful. Is my book 
not useful? Yes, it is very useful. Where is 
your (1) brother ? He is here. And your (1) sister ? 
She is ill. 

26. 

ftrir firth, we are.. 

iljr fetb, ytfii are. 

fte jutb, they are. 

ober, or ; nod), still. 

Observation. — You are, when referring to one person, bit fctft", 
will hereafter be marked you (1) are. 

©tub iinr xt\§ cber arm? SBir finb nic^t reid^ 
©etb tl)r fleijng? 3a, 9Mter, tirir fmb fe^r fletf%* 
©tnb bent SSater mb beine 9J?tttter alt ? 9ltm, fte fmb 
nod) jungv 3ft ber ©attett imb ba$ $au$ grog ? 3a, 
feljr $ri)f ♦ ©tnb tttr atttg, Gutter ? 3a, il)r . fetb 
fet;r ar% ©frfc Sari itnb Souife l)ier? 9Mn, fte 



— 33 — 

flnb ntdjt $ter* ©etb \l)t gufrieben? 3a, ttir fmb 
gufttebm unb glMUd)* SMefer SKcmtt unb btefe gran 
fmb fe|r arm. SSBlr fmb nid)t arm. 2Bo iji mete £3ud) 
unb mehtc $eber ? $kx ift bent 23ud), unb ba iji aud) 
tcine geber* 

27. 

* 

We are happy. We are not sad. You are 
contented, but you are not always diligent. My 
father and mother are still young. Your uncle 
and aunt are very rich. This man and this woman 
are not poor. Are we rich? Are you poor? 
Henry and Charles are very diligent. Louisa and 
Emily are ill. This horse and this dog are useful. 
There are my book and knife. Are they good? 
No, they are not good. 

28. 

ber gute SSater, the good father; 
bte gute Sfluttev, the good mother; 
ba$ gute $mb, the good child, 
gefdjttft, skilful; falfd), false. 
Obseevation. — Adjectives, when preceded by the definite article 
ber, bte, bd0, have the termination C» 

£)er tetd)e DnfeL 2)tc reldje SCcmte* £)as fdjBne 
£au3. 3)er arme SWatuu Die arme grau* 3)a$ 
atme 5tinb» 3)er Heine ©ruber. Die Heine ©djmefler* 



— 34 — 

T)a$ Heine 23u$. £)er treue $m& S)tc falfdjc $a$e* 
£>as nfi|Itd|t $ferb* £)er grojje Oartem 3)ie fcfyone 
23Ium& £)as alte ©djlog* 2>er gute Jpeinridj* SDie 
gute ©milie* Die fletgige 9Jiagb+ £er gefefyidite SIrjt 
3)er Heine Xifdj* 2)er fd)5ne SSogeL 

29. 

Observation. — Adjectives have the same termination C, when 
preceded by biefer, btefe, biefeg. 

£>iefer gute SBater* £)iefe gute Gutter* 2)iefe3 gute 
Sinb* £)iefer arme 2Jkmu £>iefe arme gran* 3)iefe$ 
arme £inb* 2)iefer fd^ne ©arten* 3)iefe fd)one ©tabt 
2)iefe$ fd)5ne £>orf* 3)iefer Heine &if$* 2)iefer treue 
£unb unb biefe falfcfye £a£e, SDiefe^ alte £au$* £>iefes 
junge $ferb* ©lefe alte SRagb* Diefes neue Sufy 
£>tefer gefefyidte 9tt3t 2)iefe3 artige Jtinb* 3)iefe reicfye 
©fe*t 

30 

Minb, blind. 

(Der) Heine Staxl ift immet traurig* (Die) Heine 
Couife ift immet munter* Der gitte Dnlel unb bie gute 
£ante ftnb feljr glMlid^ 3)er treue £unb ift nufcltd), 
liefer arme SWatm if! Mtnb* Diefe arme grau ift 
Irani. DtefeS Heine fiinb ift fcfyr artig unb fleij^ig* 
Diefer reid)e 2Jtamt ift ein Strgt Diefe fcfyihte gfrau 
ift unfere SEante. £>iefe3 nii^Itd^c 33ucr) iji nicf)t neu* 



— 35 — 

2)iefer jungc 2ft arm ift unfer Sfteffe*. £)iefes muttterc 
$inb ift unfer 23rubei\ 

31. 

The good brother and the good sister. The 
old uncle and the old aunt. The small garden 
and the small house. The fine village and the 
fine town. The poor mother and the poor child. 
The blind man and the blind woman. This beauti- 
ful bird and this beautiful flower. This useful 
book and this good paper. This good son and 
this good daughter. This large glass and this small 
bottle. This new knife and this new table. This 
young mother and this young child. 

32. 

fdjarf, sharp; Iteb, dear. 

Observation. — Adjectives, preceded by the indefinite article 
em, eme, ettt, have the terminations C? (masc), C (fern.), C§ (neut.). 

©in gitter Wlann, einc gute Gutter, em gutes Stnb* 
©in reid;er Dnfel, eine teicfye Saute*, ©in treuer Jpunb 
unb cm nit£lid)e3 $ferb* Sin fletgiger @ol)n unb eine 
fleigtge £od)ter* ©in fd^ones S)orf, eine grope ©tabt, 
em Itemed ©cfytcp* ©ine Irene fflxttfk din gefcfyttfter 
Strjt. ©in lleiner SSogel, eine fcfyihe Shone, ein fcfyarfes 
SWejfer* ©in Itefcer SSruber unb eine liek ©djttejier* 



— 36 — 



ber (partner, the gardener; fdjott, already. 

Observation. — Adjectives take the same terminations (cr, e, e§) 
when preceded by mem, bein, imfer, euer 

SMetn fleiner 23ruber unb meine Heine ©deeper 
flub artig* £)em guter Dnfel unb beine gute Xante 
ftnb fd)on l)ter. Unfer alter ©artner tjl Minb* (Euere 
neue 3Jlagb ift fel;r fleifltg* Sift bu fdjmt mitbe, mem 
lieks fitnb? 31cm, 25ater, id) tin ni$t tnitbe* 2Bo 
ift bein fleiner £>unb, Sari? SSJtem fleiner £unb ift I)ier. 
3ft bein junger greunb nid)t ein gefd)i(fter Str^t ? 3ct, 
er ift fel;r gefd)idi Unfer -grower ©arten, unfer e fleine 
©tabt imb unfer fd)Snes $au§. 



34. 

A little brother and a little sister. A dear 
uncle and a dear aunt, A rich man and a rich 
woman. A large town and a . large village. A 
fine garden and a fine castle. A false cat and a 
faithful dog. My good father and my good mother. 
Your (1) little nephew and your (1) little niece. 
Our old gardener and our old maid-servant. Your 
fine garden and your fine house. Our dear brother 
and our dear sister. Our good paper and our 
good pen. 



— 31 — 

35. 

bcr erfte, the first. ber fteknte, the seventh, 

bet* gnjette, the second ber ad)k, the eighth, 

bcr brittc, the third. ber neunte, the ninth, 

ber tuevte, the fourth. ber ^efjnte, the tenth, 

ber fiinfte, the fifth. ber etfte, the eleventh, 

ber fcdjgte, the sixth. ber jtuBlfte, the twelfth, 

ber tet^ie, the last. 
Sunt, June. SSMdjctm, William. 

Suit, July. $cmf, Paul. 

9luguft, August. Srcmj, Francis. 

£ubiutg, Lewis. $atljariiie, Catherine. 

^aultne, Pauline, 
fcefdjetbeu, modest. fjeutc, to-day. 

unctrttg, naughty. tnorgett, to-morrow, 

itbermorgen, the day after to-morrow, 
bcr crfte Sfogujt, the first of August; ber cierte Suit, the fourth of July. 

£eute ijt ber fedjste Stuguji, morgen tjl ber ftefcente, 
unb iibermorgen ift ber cid^te* llnfer liefcer Sari ift 
fef)r fleifjig; er ift ber erfte in ber Slaffe (in the class); 
Subttig ift ber jtueite, 2Btll;eIm ber britte, unb (ber) 
unartige $aut ift ber te^te* Unfere Souife ift and) cm 
fel;r fleiptges Sinb; fie ift nid)t bie lefcte in ber Slaffe; 
Smilie ift bie le$te* fapa, ift f)eute ber geljnte Suni? 
9Mn, mem Sie&er, §eute ift ber gfoolfte Suit Sranj 
ber Srfte* £einric§ ber Sierte* Sari ber giinfte* 

36. 
Are you a) the first in the class, Charles ? No, 
(Sir,) I am not the first, but I am the second. 



— 38 — 
My brother is the third, Henry is the fourth, and 
(the) little Lewis is the last. My sister Louisa is 
very diligent; she is the first in the class; Emily 
is the fifth, and Pauline is the sixth. Is not to-day 
the eleventh, papa? No, my dear, to-day is the 
tenth. Charles the First, William the Fourth, Henry 
the Eighth, Catherine the Second. 

37. 

Item, small ; f (cuter, smaller, 
alt, old; alter, older, 
gvofr large; ginger, larger, 
nitfctidj, useful; imfcttdjcr, more useful, 
bte <&*e, the earth. bcr Styei* the Rhine, 

tie ©orme, the sum bte £>onau, the Danube, 

ftarf, strong; Brett, broad; a% than. 
Observation.— -Most adjectives of one syllable change in the 
comparative the vowel a into it, into 0, U into U. 

34 bin f&tocr, ate bu* ' 2>u Kj! flr5|er, ate idj* 
3Jlem ffiater if! alter, ate metne Gutter* 2Rehte Gutter 
ift lunger, ate mem Sater* ®er £unb if! treuer, ate 
bte tfafce, ®a$ $ferb if! fitter itnb ttit£lid)er, ate 
bet £unb. SB it fmb gufrlebener, ate tyx. 3§r fetb 
tetter, ate mte. Siji bu ftarfer, ate bem Sruber, Sari? 
9tan, i$ bin nld&t ftarfer, ate er* 3ft Soutfe arttger, 
ate gmttte? 9Wn, fte ift ntd)t arttger. 3ft biefe grau 
firmer, ate unfere SKagb ? 3a, fte if! firmer* 3ft ber 



— 39 — 

9if)em griper unb Bretter, aU bte £)onau ? -Kent, er tfi 
ntd)t groper unb fcretter* 3ft bte @rbe flehter, ate bte 
©omte? 3a, fte t|i fletner* 

38. 

My brother is older than I. I am younger 
than he. Charles is more diligent than Lewis. 
This horse is more useful than that dog. Emily 
is more contented than Louisa. We are richer 
than you. You are poorer than we. The Danube 
is larger than the Ehine. The sun is larger than 
the earth. Henry is stronger than William. Are 
we richer than this gentleman ? No, we are not 
richer, but we are happier. 

39. 

ber tttemige, mine;" ber tmfrtge, ours; 

ber betnige, yours (thine). ber eurige, yours. 
ber SRtng, the ring; bie.Ufjr, the watch; ba$ tft, that is., 
tudjt fo al§, not so.. ..as; fo....tt){e, as. ...as. 

©as ifi ntd^t bete 9?teg, tfarl; bas ifi ber metetge* 
©as tft ntdjt betee U^r, ba$ tfi bte meintge* 2)as tfi 
nicf)t bete SJieffer, bas ifi ba$ ntetntge* SDtetn £ut tfi 
fcfyimer, ate ber betetge* Sfletee ©cfymejier tft iitnger, 
ate bte betntge* Uttfer £aus ifi fo grog, tote ta$ eurige, 
after euer ©artett ifi tudjt fo grog, ate ber mtfrtge* 
guer $fcrb ifi alter, ate bas ttnfrtge. "Sftete Sucfy ifi 



— 40 — 

ttu£lt$er, aU bets behuge* gucrc 'Sflatfb ifi ntdjt fo 
ffetjng, aU hit unfrtge* 9Kem Dnlel unb ber betutge 
finb tyter* 9Mne £cmte mb hit bemtge fmb fefyr glii& 
lidj* (Suer @d}li?j3 i(i fo fd)3n, .rote bas unfrige* 

40. 

Your (1) hat is smaller tlian mine. Your (1> 
watch is finer than mine. My brother is older 
than yours (1) . My sister is not so old as yours (1) . 
My paper is liner than yours. (1) Our uncle is 
richer than yours. Our house is larger than yours. 
Your son is happier than ours. Your daughter is 
more diligent than ours. Your child is stronger 
than ours. Is that your (1) book, William? No, 
it is not mine. Is that your (1) watch? Yes, it 
is mine. 

41. 

Jlettt, small ; flettter, smaller ; ber flctnfte, the smallest. 

aft, old; alter, older; ber alteftc, the oldest. 

grog, large ; grower, larger ; ber grogte, the largest. 

niii^tc^, useful ; nu^Uc^er, more useful ; ber itufctidjfte, the most useful. 

ba$ 9ftetafl, the metaL SttatljUbe, Mathilda. 

ba% (Stfett, the iron. feftfe, Eliza. 

ba$ (Silber, the silver. tie Slufgabe, the exercise. 

ba$ Stljter, the animal. leie!)t, easy. 

gfriebrid), Frederic. unglitcftidj, unhappy. 

Observation. — The superlative has the termination ftc or CpC« 
As in the comparative, most adjectives of one syllable modify the 
vowels a, 0, tt into a, b, ii. 



— 41 — 

£ehmd) ifi flemer, ate Stoxl, after $aul ifi ber 
fleinfie* Soutfe iji griper, ate Smilie, after 5Matl;tIbe 
tfi bte gropte* 3)ag Stjeit ifi nu^Mjer, ate bag ©titer; 
eg iji bag nufslt^jie SffletalL. ©er £tmb ifl bag treuejk 
£I;ier* 3)ufe Stufgaftc iji leister, ate bte beintge, after 
bte eurige iji bte leidjtefie* Sari ifi ineut ciltcfiet @oI;n, 
unb Souife iji meine Jun^fie Softer. £>u ftifi fletptg, after 
betn 23ruber ifi nod) fleiptger ; Srtebrtcfy iji ber fletfngfie* 
©life ift imfcr fd)i>nfieg Stub* SSBtl^elnt ifi euer treuefter 
Sfreunb* £)er reicfyfie Wlami ifi md)t immer ber ^ufrte* 
benfte* 2)er armfte 9JJann iji iud)t immer ber imgludlidjfie* 

42. 
Frederic is more diligent than Charles, but 
Henry is the most diligent. Louisa is younger 
than Emily, but Mathilda is the youngest. This 
poor man is happier than your (1) rich friend. (The) 
iron is the most useful metal. William is stronger 
than Paul, but Lewis is the strongest. Your town 
is more beautiful than ours. Your garden is larger 
than ours, but this garden is the largest. Your house 
is smaller than this house, but ours is the smallest. 

43. 

fetn, feme, fern, his. 
ifjr, ttjre, tfjr, her. 
bte SDdtrte, the lady. bte greunbm, the friend (female), 

bee ^ittfdjer, the coachman. 



— 42 — 

Der ffiater unb fein ©afm. Der SSater unb feine 
Softer* Die Sautter unb t$r ©o^n* Unfer Onlet unb 
fein 33ruber> Unfer Dnlel unb feine ©cfyrcejler* Die 
£ante unb tljr fteiner 5Jejfe. Die £ante unb i^re Heine 
9tid)te* $arl unb fein junger Sfreunb* Coutfe unb tfyre 
}unge gteunbim Diefer #err unb fein neuer $utfd)en 
Diefe Dame unb i^re alte yjlaofc* 9JMn greunb ift 
traurtg; fein iitngfter 33ruber ifl feljr frant SWeine 
greunbin tji fe^r gluctlicfy ; u)r attejter SSruber unb il;re 
juttjjfte ©cljftejter fmb |ier* 

44. 

My uncle and his son. My uncle and his 
daughter. My aunt and her brother. My aunt 
and her sister. This gentleman and his nephew. 
This gentleman and his niece. This lady and her 
coachman. This lady and her maid-servant. This 
woman and her little child. Charles and his old 
father. Charles and his good mother. Emily and 
her rich uncle. Emily and her blind aunt. Ma- 
thilda is very sad ; her father and mother are sick. 

45. 

Singular. Plural, 

bet' £tfdj, the table; bte £ifd)e, the tables, 

bcr ©tufjl, the chair; tie <Stitf)(e, the chairs, 

bte ©tabt, the town; bte ©tabte, the towns. 



— 43 — 

bie SRadjt, the night. bte ©cutb, the hand, 

ber §ut, the hat, bonnet. ber ,3 a fy n / ^ ie tooth. 
bet* ©trumpf, the stocking. ber $uf$, the foot, 
ber SBrlcf, the letter. ber ©djulj, the shoe, 

bte 9)?au3, the mouse. 
Observation. — Many nouns of one syllable take in the plural 
the termination t t and change tt, 0, It, Oil into 0, 6, it, «Ut. 

•Da$ 5)ferb, bie $ferbe* Der ©oljn, Me @M)ne* 
Der greunb, bte gfreunbe* Die Sftacfyt, bte 5Rd(^te. Der 
£ut, bte Jpiite* Die £anb, bte £anbe* Der 3^k, Me 
Sctfjne* Der ©trumpf, bie ©trumpfe* Der Sup, bte 
guge* Der*23rief, bte Sriefe* Der 9ting, bie Stinge* 
Die SMagb, bie SKSgbe* Der Sfrgt, bie SCerste. Die 
SWaud, bie SKaufc* — Der @d&u$, bie @<§u$e* Der 
£unb, bie £unbe, 

46. 

fur*;, short. geftertt, yesterday. 

rein, clean. je£t, now. 

toetg, white. ^artS, Paris, 

toctrm, warm. bonbon, London. 

ba§ ftnb, these are. 

Observation. — The determinative adjectives btefer, tttcirt, bcttt, 
fctn, unfer &c. have in the plural the termination C : btefe, tlieine, 
unfere &c. 

Unfere ©Bfme ftnb feljr fletjng* Unfere 5Mgbe fmb 
franf* Dtefe Stifle jlnb feljr Hcitu Das @ifen unb ba$ 
©i!6er ftnb TOetafte* $arte unb Sonbon fmb ©tabte* 
Die $)ferbe ftnb nii£ltd)er, ate bie £unbe* Die 9Md)te 



— 44 — 

ftnb }e£t frf)t lur^ Sucre ^flte ftnb feljr grojl $arl, 
betne £anbe ftnb nitfyt rein. Souife, betne 3Sf;ne flnb 
tridjt weij?* ©tnb ba$ betne ©trumpfe, SKat^ilbe? 9Mn, 
Gutter, ba$ ftnb nidjt metne ©trihnpfe* grtebrtcfy, ftnb 
has betne @$u§e ? 31ein, SWuttcr, bas ftnb ntd)t metne 
©d)ul;e. 9Reine.£cinbe mb git^e ftnb fef)r n>arnu SQo 
fmb meine SRtngc mtb metne 33rtefe? £ier ftnb betne 
SRtnge, nnb bet ftnb aud) beine 23riefe* 

47. 
Charles and Henry are my friends. Horses and 
dogs are useful. Frederic, there are your (1) stock- 
ings and shoes. "Where are our hats and rings? 
Your letters are not here. My sons are ill. These 
towns are very large and beautiful. The nights 
are still very short. My hands and feet are very 
cold. Your maid-servants are young, but your 
gardener and your coachman are very old. 

48. 

ba$ Metb, tlie dress, the gown. ba$ @;d)ToJ3, the castle. 

ba§ SBatib, the ribbon. ba.8 3)orf, the village. 

ba$ @fa8, the glass. ba$ £od}, the hole. 

baS £>cwS, the house. bct8 SBf att, the leaf. 

ba% 23udj, the book. bcr SBurnt, the worm. 

baS $inb, the child. bcr 2Mb, the forest, the wood. 

bd§ (St, the egg. bcr Wlaim, the man. 
Observation. — A number of monosyllabic nouns form the plural 

by adding it, modifying a, 0, U, ait into a, tf, it, M, 



— 45 — 

£>as tfletb, bte flletber* £>a$ Scrnb, bte Sanber, 
3) as ©las, bte ©lafer. 2)as £aus, bte £aufer* £)a$ 
2$tt<$, bte Sitter. £>as tfinb, bte £tnber* 2)a$ ©dfylog, 
tie ©cpffer* £)as 2)orf, bte JDSrfer* £>as Slatt, bte 
flatter. £)er SButnt, bte SBurmet* £>er SBalb, bte 
SBalber* £)er 9Hcmn, bte banner* £>a$ @i> bte gicr* 
£>a$ 80$, bte SiJdjet* 

49- 

Ijodj, high. toertoetft, withered, 

fdjmufcig, dirty. grim, green. 

Ijapdj, ugly. tttdjt meljr, no more, 

atte, all; ttodj ntdjt, not yet. 

SJietne 2Stl#er fmb feljr nufclid)* Unfere Stnber ftttb 
Irani Seine ittetber finb f$mu£tg, ©mtlte* Wit btefe 
©lafer ftnb nid)t rein* JCtefc 2)Srfer fmb fel)r grog* 
2)tefe ®(^16tTer finb fefyr fdjihn SDtcfe 23anber ftnb fur 
2Rat$ttbe* 2Die SBatber ftnb ntt&t me$r grim* Sttfe 
©latter ftnb fd^mt tterttelft Site btefe £aufer ftnb $$ty. 
3)tefe banner ftnb fefjr pari* 2>ie SBitrmer fmb $fipttd&* 

50. 

My ribbons are very fine. Our children are 
very diligent. Your dresses are not dirty. These 
glasses are not clean. These leaves are already 
withered. These men are stronger than we. All 
worms are ugly. These houses are not high. The 



— 46 — 

woods are not yet green. These books are very 
useful. All these villages are very beautiful. 

51. 

bcr ©cfjnetber, the tailor. ber (Spiegel, the mirror. 

bev <Sd)ul)mad)er, the shoemaker. ber ©ttefel, the boot, 

ber -Staliener, the Italian. ber Soffef, the spoon, 

ber (Snqtanber, the Enghshman. bte ©abet, the fork. 

ba8 genfter, the window. bte jftabel, the needle. 

b<\$ dimmer, the room. ba3 9#abd]en, the girl 

faut, lazy; gu, too. 

Obseevation. — Masculine and neuter nouns ending in tX, el, t\\ 
have, generally, the same termination in the plural, some changing the 
radical vowels U, 0, It into tt, fl, it. 

Feminine nouns ending in tt, t\ take tt in the plural, except 
Gutter, abutter; Softer, fcfidjter. 

SSJMne SSrtiber ftnb aUt Irani* SSJietnc ©djtoejfern 
ftnb atfe ftetjng* £)tefe Cojfel fmb nid)t rein* Dtefc 
SWcflfcr nnb ©afceln ftnb and) ntdjt rein. SBo fmb meine 
Stiver nnb meine gebern ? 2Co fmb meine @d)nt)e nnb 
meine ©tiefel ? Unfere ©dfyneiber nnb @d)u$madjer fmb 
arm* Snere £ante nnb if)re Softer fmb fuer* SDtefe 
Gutter ftnb fefyr tranrig; i^re Mnber fmb Irani S)iefe 
£dnfer nnb btefe ®drten ftnb fe^r fdjSru @inb bas beine 
SJtabeht, Eontfe? 3Mn, bas fmb nid^t meine Sftabeln* 
Stnb biefe banner Statiener? 9Wn, e$ (they) ftnb 
(gn^lanber* 2)iefe Sftdbdjen ftnb fetyr ar% (£nere 3tm* 
mer ftnb feljr fdjSn, afcer bte genfter fmb gn $&fyl 



— 41 — 

52. 

Your sons and daughters are very happy. Our 
fathers and mothers are contented. These Italians 
and Englishmen are very rich. Where are our 
spoons and forks ? Here are your spoons and forks, 
and there are also your knives. These needles are 
very good. Your (1) pens are too small. Charles, 
vour (1) boots and shoes are very dirty. Your rooms 
are always clean. My brothers and sisters are ill. 
These girls are not ugly. 

53. 

ber £i)toe, the Hon. ber Sftuffe, tne Bussian. 

bet §afe, the hare. bcr Srangofc, tnfi Frenchman. 

bte 9£atte, the rat. bcr 2)eutfdje, the German. 

ber $nafce, the boy. ber $reuge, the Prussian. 

bte ^tvdje, the church. bte ^ffottme, the plum. 

bte <5d)ule, the school. bte ©trage, the street, 

ber Sfyfet, the apple; ber £tger, the tiger; furdjtfam, timid, afraid; 
ItebenSttiurbtg, amiable; tapfer, brave; kffer, better. 

Observation. — Nouns ending in t take tt in the plural. The 
pronouns bcr metntge, mtfrtge &c. follow the same rule. 

S)ie Somen ftnb fefjt jlari S)te Somen ftnb ftarfer, 
ate bte £tger* S)te £afen ftnb fe$r furcfytfanu 2)te 
£a|en ftnb falfd^ Die SKchtfe ftnb Hetner, ate bte 
fatten. 3)te gran^ofen ftnb lieknsmttrbtger, ate bte 
fRuffett. 3)te $reuj5m ftnb fe$r tapfer. £)te £)eutf$en 
ftnb trcu unb fletjttfl* 2)iefe Snakn unb btefe 9Mbd)en 



— 48 — 

ftnb fef)t munter* STOcinc Slumctt flnb fd)6ner, ate He 
betmgetu 5Dcme Slufgatcn fmb Ieid)ter, afe bie mehugetu 
Unfere Sthtym ftnb griper, ate bie eurigen* ©uere ©d)u= 
len ftnb fcefier, ate bte tmfrtgetu Diefe ©trctpen fmb fe^r 
fcrett, fcretter, ate bte xtnfrtgen* £ier fmb $flaumen fur 
Emilte, unb ba fmb Stepfel fitr 2Rat$tfoe* 

54. 

(The) rats are larger than (the) mice. (The) 
dogs are more useful than (the) cats. (The) tigers 
are not so strong as (the) lions. These boys are 
my brothers. These girls are my sisters. The 
Germans and the French are brave. My flowers 
are not so beautiful as yours (1) . Your (1) books are 
better than mine. These are not your hats, they (c8) 
are ours. These are not our stockings, they are 
yours. Your (1) friends and mine are Germans. 
Your (1) sisters are more amiable than ours. Our 
exercises are as easy as yours. 

55. 

bte ©tunbe, the hour. bte $trfdje, the cherry, 

bte ©djtoal&e, the swallow, angctteljm, pleasant, agreeable. 
Observation. — Adjectives, preceded by the definite article, or by 
biefer, mem, bem, feirt &e. take It or Ctt in the plural. 

Die reidjen Sfreunbe* Die grojjen ©tdbte* Die 
fleittctt Dorfer. Die angeneljmen ©tunbeiu Die fcfyfinen 



— 49 — 

£aufer* SJMne guten @5§ne unb £6djter* Deine guten 
Dnlel unb lantern Unfere fleipigen 5Mgbe* <£uere 
fdfyonen Sird)en unb ©d)ulen* Die Breiten ©ttapen. 
®fe futdjtfamen £afen> Die falfd)en $a£en* D>e 
trcuen £unbe* ^Dtefe gropen ©ptegeL Diefe nu^licfyen 
23ud)er+ Diefe ftanfen £inber* SWetne neuen Sleiber* 
Deine altcn ©tiefet- Diefe munteren Snafcen, Die 
erften ©djwalfceiu Die Ie£ten $irfd)en* 



56. 

btc (Snte, the duck. bxe SRofe, the rose, 

bie <§ton$, the goose. bie STufye, the tulip, 

bie grudjt, the fruit. §eru 9?., Mr. N. 

Obseevation. — "When the adjective is not preceded by any de- 
terminative word, it takes t in the plural. 

, Die Snten unb ©dnfe fmb gto£e SBflgeL Die ?6men 
unb £iget ftnb jiatle £$iere* Die 2Bitrmet fmb tydfc 
ltd)e Ztytxu 3>arte unb Sonbcn ftnb fc^fine ©tabte* 
£einrid) unb Start ftnb treue greunbe* Souife unb 
9ttatf)ilbe ftnb lieknSttitrbige SMabdjetu ©uere ©M;ne 
unb £M)ter ftnb fteifnge ^inber. Sifen unb ©ilfcer 
ftnb nitfclidje WlttaUt. Sirfdfyen unb $flaumen ftnb 
angene^me Sritcfyte* Subttng unb SBil^elm ftnb mun* 
tere Snafcen* £err ??♦ unb £err ©♦ ftnb gefdjulte 2terjte* 
Die 9?ofen unb £ulpen ftnb fcfyone Slumetu 



— 50 — . 

57. 

(The) dogs are faithful animals. (The) horses 
are useful animals. Henry and Lewis are good 
children. Charles and William are naughty boys. 
Paris and London are large cities. The good fathers 
and the good mothers. My little brothers and my 
little sisters. These beautiful castles and gardens. 
The large towns and the large streets. The brave 
Germans and the amiable French. The skilful 
physicians. The poor tailors. White teeth and 
warm hands. The modest girls. The lazy children. 

58. 

id) Ijafce, I have; totr fjaften, we have; 

bu l)aft, you have (thou hast); tfyr fyctbt, you have; 

er f)dt, he has; fie Ija&eit, they have, 

btc 2>mte, the ink. 

Observation. — The accusative of fern, and neut. nouns is like 
the nominative. 

3$ J)crte bets Sufy ©u $afl btc geber* $ a rl $at 
Me SMnte* Sranj Ijat bit SWeffer* 2Btr fyabm ba$ 
spferb* Sljr Ijafct btc $a|e* 3Keme iBritber $aUn btc 
£ufye tmb bic SJofe* 3$ §a&e eutSudj* 2)u § aft erne 
geber* Smtltc §at cine ©afceL 2Bt%Im J)at cm $ferb* 
2Bit fjafcen cine <3cfymefier* $afct t$r em£au3? 3$ 
|ak bent 23ucfy* S)u $ajt tncine gfeber* Souifc $at betne 
Dinle* Sranj t)at mettt Sfteffer* 2Cir Ifjafcen citer $ferb* 



— 51 — 

3^r fyabt uttfere i?a£e* 3$ Ijabe ein gutes $ud^ 2)u 
^afl eine gute geber* $arl fjat tmmer gute £>tnte* 2Btr 
tyakn eine gute Gutter unb eine reidfye £ante* S|| tya&t 
ein fdjones ©dfyfojl £einridj J)at eine f<$5nc Slume* 
©opfyie §at eine kfd^eibene ©ctyroefter* 

59. 

I have a needle. You (1) have a pen. Emily 
has a knife. We have a cat. You have a horse. 
My brothers have a rose and a tulip. I have not 
the fork. You (1) have not the knife. Lewis has not 
got the ink. We have not the pen. You have not 
got the book. My sisters have not got the cat. 
Have you (1) a sister, Henry ? Yes, I have a good 
sister. Has Emily a good mother ? Yes, she has a 
very good mother. William has a fine flower. This 
gentleman has a beautiful castle. 

60. 

ber 2)td)ter, the poet. ber Wafyhav, the neighbor, 

ber $tinjtfer, the artist. Beriiljmt, famous. 

Diet, much; mete, many; toer ? who ? 
Observation. — The accusative plural of all nouns is like the 
nominative plural. 

3$ f)ate $ferbe unb £unbe+ £>u Jjajt hk (Snten unb 
bie ©anfe* 8ub»tg tyat $irfdjen unb spflaumeiu SQBtr 



- 52 — 

i)abm bte £iite unb bie 23dnber* 3^r Ija6t bte Soffel 
unb bte ©aMn* 9Keine @d}»eftertt f)afcen bie ©lafet unb 
bie gflafcfyen* 2Ber $at meine ©c^u^e unb meine ©tiefel ? 
£aj? bu meine Silver unb meine gebern ? $at Souife 
betne 9?abeln? Unfer Dnfel $at fcpne £aufer unb 
©cittern 3$r $afa fleifnge <Si3J)ne unb Zbtykx* 3)ie 
Sran^ofen f)aien gefdjidte Sterne. S)ie £)eutfdjen Ijaien 
gto£e 2)idjter* £akn bie (£ngldnber fceru^mte Sunjiler ? 
Unfer Sftad^ar Ijat »ielc timber* £aji bu no$ t>iele 
SSfigel unb SSIumen ? £at £einridj nocfj »tele $reunbe? 
gmilie |at Heine £anbe unb fteipe 3d^ne^ $ati$ unb 
Sonbmt Ijakn fcfyone @tra§en* 

61. 

neither ... nor, toeber. • .ttodj. 

I have neither the bread nor the meat, id) Ija&e toeber ba$ SBrob 
nod) ba$ ftteifdj. 

I have the roses and (the) tulips. You (1) have 
the spoons and forks. Lewis has the knives. We 
have ducks and geese. You have horses and dogs. 
Henry and "William have the flowers and fruits. 
I have not your (1) books. You (1) have not got my 
pens. We have neither the bottles nor the glasses. 
You have neither our hats nor our ribbons. These 
boys have neither the apples nor the plums. 



— 53 — 
62. 

gefauft, bought toerloren, lost 

toerfauft, sold. gefimbcn, found. 

gefe^en, seen. genommen, taken, 

toctrum, why. 

Obseevation. — The past participle is detached from the auxiliary 
and placed at the end of the sentence. 

3d) l)abt bas JDotf unb bte ©tabt gefefem £aft 
bu bte gfeber unb bas papier genommen ? Unfer Dnlet 
l)at fein £aus unb fein $ferb serfauft $arl l^at feme 
UI;r yerloten. SMatfytlbe Jjat tfyre Sfreunbht setloren. 
2Btr Ijafcen ein fdjones 23ucfy gefauft £afct tt)r btefe 
Suffer unb ©afceln gefauft? 2Bo Ijait u)r bas ©las 
unb bte glafcfye gefunben? SBer f)at metne £)inte ge* 
nommen? 3$ fyafce betne £)tnte ntcfyt genommem SBarum 
l)at euer Dnfel biefes fd)6ne ©c^lo^ ntc^t gefauft ? £aft 
bu metne £ante unb meine ©deeper nicfyt gefeljen? 
9?ein, id) fyafce foeber betne £ante nod) betne ©djfoeftet 
gefe^en* 

63. 

I have lost my Ibook and* pen. Charles, have 
you (1) found my book ? No, I have not found 
your (1) book. Where is my needle ? Louisa, have 
you a) taken my needle ? No, I have not taken 
your (1) needle. Emily has lost her mother ; she 
is very unhappy. Why have you sold your horse ? 



— 54 ' 

We have not sold our horse. Has your uncle bought 
this beautiful castle? Yes, my dear. Where have 
you bought this fine paper and these good pens? 
Henry and Lewis have not yet seen our town. My 
uncle has sold all his birds and flowers; we have 
also sold ours. 

64. 

bcr fctnige, his. 

ber tljrtcje, hers. 

gcfudjt, looked for; ljubfd), pretty. 

£at Sari metne $eber, ober tic feinige genommen? 
$ at £ehmdj mem SWeffer, obex ba$ femtge genommen? 
SWat^ilbe $at metne U|r unb bie ilmge »crIorctt* Smtlte 
$at mein $Tetb unb bas i^rige gefucfyt SBir tjaBen euete 
greunbe unb bie unfrigen gefefjem 3$ ijctfc metne 23itd)er 
unb bie beintgen gefunben. 23er Ijat atXe btefe 85ffel unb 
©akin gefauft ? Unfer ©artner ^at afte feme 23lumen 
Detlauft £>tefe Sanber fmb Ijufcf^er, afe bie beintgen. 
£)eine SRofen ftnb tyufcfcfyer, ate bie unfrigetu Unfere 
SMber ftnb alter, ate bie eurtgen* (£uere <3$tt>efkrn ftnb 
Junger, ate bie unfrtgetu 

65. 

Henry has lost my book and his. Louisa has 
lost my knife and pens. William has found my pen 
and his. Mathilda has found my stockings and hers. 



— 55 — 

Charles has looked for your (1) watch and his. Ma- 
thilda has looked for our sister and hers. My 
flowers are prettier than yours (1) . Your (1) ribbons 
are prettier than mine. Our houses are larger than 
yours, but your gardens are more beautiful than 
ours. Are your sisters older than ours ? No, they 
are not older. 

66. 



1 etn§. 


11 elf. 


2 JttJCU 


12 gttotf. 


3 bret. 


13 bmjeljtt. 


4 bier. 


14 tjter$ef)tt. 


5 fiinf. 


15 ffinferijii. 


6 fedjS. 


16 fed]$ef)tt. 


1 fteben. 


17 fieb^c^n. 


8 a$t 


18 adjt^eljtt. 


9 tieun. 


19 ntunpfyn. 


10 jcljtt. 


20 ffoavfa. 


ba% 3a\)X, the year. 


btc 2Bod^e, the week. 


ber 2flottat, the month. 


ber £ag, the day. 



hue alt, how old? 

Unfer Watyhax Ijat fiinf ^tnber, bret <56ljne unb gftet 
Sifter. 2>as Sa^r ^at g»5If donate. £)er Wlomt 
$at irier SBodjen* S)te $&otyt Jjat ftefcen £age. 2Bte alt 
Kllbtt? 3d? iva acfyt Sa^te alt. SJteine ©differ tji 
$eljn Sa^tc alt SBir fyafcen gn>ei $ferbe, bret Slafytn unb 
&ier £unbe* $arl ^at brei ©djweftern unb »tcr SBrtiber. 
SUtein SSater $at jttWf Sebern unb brei SDleffer gelauft 



— 56 — 

2Btr $akn Sttet $aribt unb jwci gttpe* Unfet ©artner 
$at fe<$$ ©titylc gelauft 

67. 

How old are you (1) , my dear? I am seven years 
old. My little sister is not yet six years old. Is 
your (1) father old ? No, my father is not old. My 
mother is still younger than he. Our uncle has 
many children ; he has five sons and four daughters. 
We have bought fifteen ducks and twelve geese. 
Our gardener has sold sixteen tulips and twenty 
roses. Charles has taken a knife, two forks and 
three spoons. 

68. 

Nominative. Accusative, 

ber Steter, ben better, the father, 

btefer Mann, btefctt Wlaxm, this man. 

ertjaltett, received. bcr ©toe!, the stick, the cane, 

gefdjriefcett, written. ber $omg, the king, 

getefen, read. btc $omgm, the queen, 

oft, often. 

Obseevation. — Determinative words preceding a masculine noun 
in the accusative singular have the termination CU. 

3dj fyabt ben $5ntg unb Me $&ntgm gefeljen* £a|i 
bu ben SSrtef unb has 33udj er^alten ? SD^ein $ater §at 
bm ©artett unb bas £aus serfauft grtebric^ Ijat ben 
<Sto& unb bie Ul;r serloren* Stnilte Ijat ben 3?ing nidjt 



— 51 — 

gefunben* SBet tyat biefen £unb unb btefe $age gefauft ? 
3$ Jjak biefen 9Jiann unb btefe grew oft gefeljen. SBo 
§afct i^r biefen fd)6nen ©piegel gefauft ? £afct t^r fcfyon 
ben 3^ein unb bie 2)onau gefet;en? ffio ^at £ehmdj 
biefen £tfcfy unb biefen <Stul)l genommen? 2Ber Ijat 
biefen 33rief gefcfyriefcen? SBet f)at biefen £ut oerloren ? 

69, 

Nominative. Accusative. 

em (Garten, einen @arten, a garden. 

litem §imb, meinen §nnb, my dog. 

3$ ^ate einen Srief erfjalten* 2Bir Ijakn einen 
fcfyonen ©arten unb ein f$6nes £aus gefeljen* ^pait i^r 
f$on einen £iger gefeljen? SBer Ijat nteine ® at el unb 
meinen Soffel genommen? £ajt bu beinen £unb unb 
beinen SSogel oerfauft? 2Bilf)elm §at feinen ©tod unb 
feine Uf)r sertorem 9JiatljiIbe I;at ifjren SRtng nocfy nidjt 
gefunben. ©tefe atme $rau Ijat atte il;te $inbet uerbren* 
S)etnc £ante $at meinen 23rief rtic^t gelefen* 3$* feib 
glMlidje Sinber; i^r IjaBt einen guten Sater unb eine 
gute SWutter* 2Bir finb audj glutftidj ; ton t>a$tn einen 
veid^en Dnlel unb einc reicfye £ante* (Emitie ijl ein |ifc* 
fd^es SDtabcfyen; fte §at eine Heine £anb unb einen fieinen 
gup* SBtr ^afcen unfeten greunb gftiebridj serloren* 
$abt tfjr eueten Sruber unb euere ©cfytoefter gefunben? 
9Mn, loir $aUn unferen Sruber utio unfere ©$mej!et 
nidjt gefunberu 



— 58 — 

70. 

ber (Sdjmncr, the joiner; bte- 53trnc, the pear; cj&fcradjt, brought. 
I have written a letter to-day. Have you (1) read 
niy letter, Emily? No, I have not read your (1) 
letter. I have lost a shoe, and my brother has lost 
a boot. Our joiner has brought a table and a chair. 
I have seen your (1) little brother and your (1) little 
sister. We have a very skilful physician. Charles 
and Lewis have received a pretty ring and a beauti- 
ful watch. Mr. Smith has brought this stick for 
Lewis. "William has lost his friend. We have lost 
our uncle and aunt. My mother has lost her brother 
and sister. Where have you found this apple and 
this pear ? Have you already seen the king ? No, 
we have not yet seen the king, but we have seen 
the queen. 

I 71. 

ba§ (Stfiitf, the happiness, the ba§ ©efdjdft, the business, 

good luck. fas SBermogett, the fortune. 

ba§ Ungtucf, the misfortune. eljcma(g, formerly. 

ba§ SBergnugen, the pleasure. ge^abt, had. 

gemadjt, made, done. 

3$ J)a6e etnen guten greunb geljafct £)u $aji tmmer 
gute greunbe gel)a6t ftarl $at meinen ©tod getyait 
3$ ^afce beinen SRtng imb beine U!jr ntdjt geljafct ^pa6t 
i$t inel 23ergnugen getyafct, $htber? 3ct, SBtutter, roit 






— 59 — 

fyabtn sitel SSergnilgen get;a6t SDiefc Thibet Ijakn inet 
UnglM cje^abt; fte t;akn tljten Setter unb t^re Sautter 
serlorem Unfer 9?ad;I>ar l;at biefes 3a^r inele $fkumen 
unb fittfd^cn getya&t 2Bir tyafcen btefe 2Bc$e $etyn 23riefe 
er^alten* £>tefer £err Ijat em groped SSermBgen getyatt; 
er Ijat atfe feme £aufer unh ©cirten uerlauft unb ifi je&t 
ein armer SJKamu 

72. 

Befdjafttgt, busy, occupied. 

I have had good luck ; I have found a watch and 
a ring. Charles has had much pleasure j he has 
seen his father and mother. Who has had my hat 
and cane ? Henry has had your (1) hat, and Lewis 
has had your (1) cane. Have you had many apples 
and pears this year ? Yes, my dear, we have had 
many apples and pears. My brothers have always 
had good friends. We have received many letters 
to-day ; we are very busy. 

73. 

gctoefen, been. angefommen, arrived. 

cmSgegcmgen, gone out. 
td) bin gettefen, I have been, 
er ift cmgefommett, he has arrived, 
fte finb cmSgegcmgen, they have gone out. 
gatty whole, aU ; ben ganjert £ag, the whole day, all day. 
tt)tc Ictttge, how long? in, in. 
grew 9?., Mrs. N. fcei ftrcm 9?., at Mrs. N.'s. 



— GO — 

3d) Un bte gcm^e SBocfye ftcmf getsefem £)u fctjl 
immer mein greunb gefoefeiu SBtlljelm ifi l)iet gettefen* 
28ir fmb immer pfrieben gemefetu SBo feib u)t gewefen? 
SWetne 23ruber (tub nidjt ausgegctngen; fte ftnb ten gan^en 
£ag \d)x l&efcfyaftigt gcn>cfen* Srtebrid) unb Submig fmb 
in $ari$ unb gonboit gewefhu 3f)t feib in ^Berlin ge* 
n>efen ; fyabt fyx audj text Sonig gefeljen? 3a, Nit $afcen 
ben $6nig unb bie £Mgtn gefeljen* 2Ber ifi Ijeute $ier 
gemefen? £err 9>etcre ifi angelommen; er $ at ein $5xt<fy 
fiir £einridj gefctacfyt itarl, bu Bift nicfyt fletfng gemefen; 
bu fyajt beine Stufgakn no$ nidjt gemadjt 3$ Bin M 
$rau 9?ober gettefen ; fte ifi eine feljr Iteknsnmrbtge gfrau* 
SBie lange Bift bu in Sftabrib gefoefen ? 3$ Un btet 
donate ba gett>efen* 

74. 

$o|)ftoe§, headache ; ber ©trcmfj, the nosegay, the bouquet. 
Are you (1) ill, Henry ? Yes, I have had (a) 
headache all day. Where is your (1) brother ? He 
has gone out ; he has been very busy to-day. Has 
he already been in Versailles? No, he has not 
yet been there. We have been at Mrs. Bender's ; 
she is a very good lady. How long have you been 
in London? We have been there four weeks. 
Who has been here ? Our gardener has been here ; 
he has brought a pretty nosegay for Mathilda. 



— 61 — 

Have you been diligent, children ? Yes, father, we 
have been very diligent. 

75. 

m. f. n. 
Nominative: bev, bte, ba§, the. 
Dative: bem, ber, bent, to the. 
ber 33ater, the father; bte gutter, the mothar; 

bem better, to the father. ber gutter, to the mother. 
ba$ $mb, the child; 
bem $mbe, to the child. 
e§ getjort, it belongs. gelteljen, lent, 

fie gefyorett, they belong. gecjeben, given, 

toerfprodjen, promised. 9 c S e ^3^ shown. 

Observation. — 1) btefer is declined like the definite article. 
2) Most masc. and neut. nouns of one syllable take t in the dative 
singular. 3) The dative generally precedes the accusative. 

£>iefer $ut $el)5rt bem ©artner. £)iefes SDieffer 
ge^ort ber 3tta$b. £)tefes fd)5ne £au$ cjel)6rt bem Str^te. 
liefer gro£e £unb geljBrt bem 9?acfy6ar, 3$ t)cifce bem 
£)nfel unb ber £ante gefefyrtefcn. SBtr l)afcen bem Stnbe 
emeu SSogel serfprocljem SSer t)at biefem fiinbe etnen 
Styfel gegefcen ? 3d) ^aie biefem SManne unb btefer Srau 
unfern ©arten ge^etgt 2Btr f)at>en btefer Dame em 
Sud) $eltel)en* 2Btr tyaten biefem 2Mb$en etnen l)ii6* 
fd)en ©traug gegeien. Unfer Setter I)at bem 9lad)6ar 
em $ferb serfauft $arl tyat biefem ©ngldnber afte 
feme £%el tterfauft 



— 62 — 

76. 

ber gmgerljut, the thimble. ber $Kegenfd)trm, the umbrella, 

ber Scaler, the (German) dollar. 

Observation. — em, mem, bem, &c. have in the dative singular 
the same terminations as the definite article: ehtem, etner, ehtem &c. 

£)iefes @$lof} gc^Srt einem Staliener* £)tefe 23ud)er 
gel)5ren meinem 23ruber> S)iefe ©tritmpfe gepren meiner 
©djroefter* 3$ fyabt beinem greunbe eine geber geliel)en+ 
SWciii Dnlel l;at unferem Stadjfcar ein $ferb serfauft 
Souife l)at t^rer greunbin einett gtngerfmt geltetyeru $arl 
l)at.feinem £)nfel einett 23rief gefdfyriekn* 2Bir fyaBen 
unferer Zantt einett fmbfd^en ©traup gegekn* Styr Ijctfct 
euerer 9)?agb brei Scaler gegefcen* 2Ber fjat unferer 
flutter ^m fd)5nen 8ftng uerfauft ? SOBer fyat euerer 
&od)ter bie pfefd^en Sdnber gegekn ? SBer l)at beinem 
greunbe biefen ©tod geliefyen? 

77. 

ba§ SBrot, the bread; ge&et, give. 
Observation. — Adjectives preceded by one of the determinative 
words ber, biefer, ein, mein &c. have in the dative the termination Clt. 

©efcet biefem fletnen SJtabc^m eine f)u6f$e 23lume* 
3$ §abt unferer alteit 9Jlagb ein neues $leib gegekn* 
2£ir t)akn unferem liefcen £>nfel eitten 23rief gefcfyriekn* 
$arl l)at biefem armen 9)tanne bas Srot gegefcen* Smilte 
Jjat ifyrer guten Gutter dritn tytibfcfyen ©traup gegefcen* 
2Bir ^aien beinem Jleinen Sruber einen ©tocf gelteljen* 



— 63 — 

Sfteine SWutter §at betner lletnen ©djwejlet etn $ft6fdjee 
2knb serfprocfyen* SWein SSater Ijat euetem retd)en 9la^ 
6ar etn $fetb »erlauft $rau 3Wber $at bet fleincn 
Couife erne Uljt: gegekn. SGBir l)at>en btefem armen 
$mbe em SSudj gelte^etu ©icfes SWeffer ge^iJtt bem alten 
©artner* SMefe SRabeln gel)5ren ber fletnen Smilte* 

78. 

toem, to whom ? 
This beautiful castle belongs to the king. This 
fine horse belongs to the queen. To whom have 
you (1) given your (1) bread, Charles ? I have given 
my bread to this poor man. To whom have you (1) 
lent your (1) umbrella ? I have lent my umbrella 
to this old lady. To whom has your brother sold 
all his flowers? He has sold all his flowers to a 
rich Englishman. To whom have you shown our 
garden ? We have shown our garden to our neigh- 
bor. Have you written a letter to your physician ? 
Yes, we have written a letter to our physician. 
Henry has promised a new book to his brother. 
Emily has given a pretty ribbon to her sister. 

79. 

Nominative: ber, bte, bct§, the. 

Genitive: be§, ber, beS, of the. 
ber 33ater, the father; bte Gutter, the mother; 

be3 SSctterS, of the father. ber Sautter, of the mother. 



— -64 — 

ba8 $tttb, the child; 
beg $tttbe8, of the child, 
bte 9?ad)6arttt, the neighbor (female); ber $a(aft, the palace. 
Observation. — Most masc. and neut. nouns take § or C§ in the 
genitive singular. Fern, nouns are, in all cases of the singular, 
like the nominative. 

£)tefer mam tji ber ©ruber bee ©artnere* £>tefe 
gran iji bte ©djwefter bee ©$uljma$ere* £)iefee Stub 
iji ber ©oljn bee ©cfynetbcre* £>ie 9Jiagb bee 3?ad$are 
tji bie Sftidjte bee ©djretnere* SBir ijafcen ben $alaji bee 
Siftttge gefeljen* £>te Gutter ber Simtgin ifi angefommetu 
SDteut SSater $at Un ©arten ber Saute gelauft 3Me 
©$roejier ber 9Zadjl>artn iji no$ feljr jung* S)te greunbtn 
bee £)id)tere iji fef)r liekuemurbtg. S)te genfter btefee 
£aufee ftnb gu gitfp- £>ie £aufer biefer ©tabt ftnb feljr 
fdjihn S)te Sinber biefer grrau ftnb atte Irani Unfere 
©arten ftnb tyufcfdjer, ale bte ©arten bee 3tr^tee* Unfere 
Gutter iji alter, ale bie Gutter biefee Sinbee* £>tefer 
£unb ge^Jrt bent ©o^ne bee SWacpate* 2)tefe Heine 
Slaty ge^firt bent Sinbe ber 9?a<$6ariiu 

80. 
ber $aufmatttt, the merchant. 

Observation. — 1) eirt, litem, be tit &c. have in the genitive singular 
the same terminations as the definite article: etiteS, enter, etrteS &c. 
2) Adjectives preceded by one of the determinative words ber, biefer, 
nieixt &c. have in the genitive singular the termination Ctt. 

£)iefer Sinabt ifi ber ©ofyn einee Saufmanne* S)tcfc 
£>ame ifi bie Zofyttx einee. 2tr$tee* Sari iji ber greunb 



r- 65 — 

memed Sruberd* ©milte ift Me gfreunMn metner ©ctywe* 
ftei\ £)as £aud unfered 9?acfy6ard ift grBper, aid bad 
unfrtge, S)tc Smber tmferer £ante fmb fetyt fletptg* 
Sari tyat tie ^ebern feined 23ruberd tmb fetner ©d)tt>efter 
genonunetu Sltfc $at bte 9Zabeln u)rer Sfreunbtn ux* 
loren. £)te ©tra£en euerer ©tabt fmb fcreiter, aid bte 
©trafkn unferer ©tabt SBfe Sfenfler euered #attfed fmb 
ju $odj. ffiBtr tyaten ben le^ten S3rief bemer Gutter ge* 
lefeiu 2JMn Sater fyat ben ©arten betned Dnfetd gefauft 
So ift ber ghtgertyut metner fletnen ©d^ejter ? 2So ift 
ber Stegenfdjtrm metned Sruberd ? £ter t fmfc bte SBitcfyer 
betned $aterd unb bte Sanber betner 3ftutter+ Soutfe 
I;at fur bad Stub i|rer ©cfymefter etnen pfcfdjen SScgel 
gefauft. 

81. 

The books of my father are more useful than 
yours (1) . The gardener of my uncle is a very 
skilful man. The sister of my aunt has arrived. 
The garden of your neighbor is very pretty. Who 
has bought the house of the physician ? Who has 
taken the stick of my friend ? Have you seen the 
palace of the king and queen ? The father of our 
maid-servant is very poor. Henry has lost the 
pens of his brother and sister. We have found the 
little dog of 3 T our friend. Emily has found the rib- 



66 



bons of your (female) friend. The child of this poor 
woman is ill. Lewis is the son of a physician, and 
Mathilda is the daughter of a rich merchant. 



82. 

Don, of, from, by. 
Doit ber Stttttter, from the mother. 
t)0tt bem $mbe, from the child. 
t)on bem $ater, from the father. 
t>on metnem SBrnber, from my brother. 
Don biefem 23ud)e, from this book, 
Don to em, from whom ? 
ber $vteg, the war; ber §anbe(, the commerce; ge^orfam, obedient, 
id) fpredje, I speak; totr foredjen, we speak; totrb gelte&t, is loved, 
the brother of this child, ber Sntber btefeg $tnbe& 
we speak of this child, totr fprect)en ton biefem $tnbe. 

2)as ift ba^ 25udj metnem ©rubers* 3$ f>abe biefem 
23udj son metnem ©ruber er^alten* £>as ftnb bie 9JabeIn 
metner ©d^toejler* 3dj tyabt btefe 9Zabeln son meiner 
©djtoejter erljalten* 95on toem $aji bu biefe ©lumen er* 
fallen? 3$ ^aBe btefe ©lumen son bem ©ctrtner erl)at 
ten. ©on tsem fyabt tyx btefen ©arten gelauft? 2Btr 
fyaben btefen ©arten son bem ©ruber unferes £)nlete 
gefauft 3$ ftredje son unferem $ontg unb (son) unferer 
Sontgim 2Btr fprec^en son bem $rtege unb bem £anbeL 
Jpetnrtcfy ift etn geljorfamer ©o^n; er tturb son fetnem 
SSater unb fetner Sautter gelteBt ©life ift ein liebens* 
tuitrbtges $inb, fte totrb son intern Dnfel unb u)rer £ante 



— w — 

gelteit ttnfer ^utfcfyer Ijat einen Srief son fehtem ©olme 
unb feinet Softer erljaltetu Dae fmb bie ©c§ui)e biefes 
aiwn SMbcfyens ; es |at biefe ©d)ul)e Wfk emem reidjen 
$aufmcmne erfjaltetu 

83. 

I have seen the palace of the king and queen. 
We speak of the king and queen. That is not the 
dog of our neighbor. I have not received this dog 
from our neighbor. From whom have you bought 
this beautiful horse ? We have bought this beautiful 
horse from the brother of my uncle. I have received 
these ribbons from the sister of my (female) friend. 
I speak of my son and daughter. Charles is very 
obedient ; he is loved by his uncle and aunt. Ma- 
thilda is very amiable ; she is loved by her father 
and mother. 

84. 

boS 23rot, the bread; 23rot, (some) bread. 

baS S(etfd), the meat; S^iftf), (some) meat. 

ber 2tyfe(, the apple; Hepfet, (some) apples, 

ber Coffee, the coffee. ber SBteiftift, the pencil, 

bie SDtttdj, the milk. bie £offe, the cup. 

ba% 833 offer, the water. ber 23ud)l)anb(er, the bookseller, 

ber Sein, the wine. er toerfauft, he sells, 

bie ©uppe, the soup. gegeffen, eaten. 

bo§ @emtifc, the vegetables. gctrunfen, drunk, taken. 



— 68 — 

3d) fjctte tfaffee urti 2JKK& getrunfen* 2)u l;aft 
2Baj]~er unb 2Bem getrunfen* 9JMn Sruber f)at 23tot 
unb gleifcfy, ©uppe unb ©emitfe gegeffen* SBtt l;aben 
^itfcfyen unb $flaumen gefauft £)iefer 23ud$anbler 
serfauft Silver, gebern, £)inte xtnb Sleijltfte* £)er 
©d)u^mad)er mad^t <Sd^uf)e unb ©tiefel S)er ©djretner 
mad)t £ifd)e unb ©tittle* Unfer 9Za$bar fjat Soget, 
£unbe, $ferbe unb Sa£en* ©uere £ante I)at 9tte|Ter 
unb ©afceln, £affen unb ©lafer gelauft 2Btr I;aben 
in Sonbon Soften unb £tger gefetyem 2Btr ftnb ben 
gan^en £ag fcefdjafttgt gemefen; ttrit fjtibtn SSriefe ge* 
f^tieben unb $ufgaben gemac^t 

85. 

'toaS, what? 
Have you (1) drunk wine or, beer ? I have drunk 
neither wine nor beer, but I have drunk some coffee 
and milk. What have you (1) eaten ? I have eaten 
some meat, vegetables and bread. What have you (1) 
bought? I have bought some paper and pens. What 
have you done, my children ? We have done some 
exercises and written some letters. Henry has 
received shoes and stockings. Emily and Mathilda 
have received some ribbons, rings and flowers. We 
have sold houses and gardens. Have you (1) already 
seen (any) swallows this year? Yes, my dear, I 
have already seen many swallows. 



— 69 — 
86. 

fctet, much, many. mefjr, more, 

tote Dtef, how much. gcnug, enough. 

fx> btcr, so much, as much, ber $fcffcr, the pepper, 

gu fctel, too much, bd§ &oifr the salt, 

toetrig, little, few. ber ©enf, -the mustard, 

toettiger, less, fewer. ba$ @elb, the money. 
bctS £)6ft, fruit; eS gi&t, eS jtnb, there is, there are; 
gckt mtr, give me. 

©efcet mh em ttenig gletfdj* 3$ jtfSt gemtg But 
2>u l)ajt gu »tel ©at$ unb $feffet* 2Bilt;elm tyat met 
©elb; er Ijat meljr ©elb, ate i<$* SBtr l)aku wcnigcr 
D6ft, ate i|r* Soutfe Ijat foetuget gebern, ate Patfsilbe* 
Sari §at meljt Slufgafcen gemad)t, ate Subnng* £aft bu 
fo *nel ©elb, ttne mem 23mbet? Sin atmer SDtann l)at 
ttenig greunbe* ©efcet bem Sinbe em ttentg SWild^ 
9Jlem Sruber ^at 311 t>teX 2Bein getr'unfem S)iefc SKuttcr 
l;at uicle $mber* SBie iriel £ttnbe fjat bem Skater ? Cite 
gtfct btefes Satyr toetttg Strfcfyen, akr stele $flaumem 
SMetn greunb tyat btefe 2Bcd)e mefyr Sriefc ertyalten, ate 
% 3$ tyak su ttentg JDhtte* Sdj J)ak gemtg papier. 

87. 

Our gardener has many trees and flowers. I 
have eaten a little meat and vegetables. Have you 
got mustard enough ? I have enough salt and pee- 
per. Your neighbor has much money ; he is a very 



— TO — 

rich man. Give a little wine to this poor woman. 
This gentleman has few friends, but he has many 
horses and dogs. Have you (got) as many apples and 
pears as we ? We have not so many as you, but we 
have more cherries and plums than you. What 
have you (1) drunk, Henry ? I have taken a little 
wine, and Lewis has taken some beer. We have 
eaten many cherries. 

88. 

ba§ $futtb/ the pound. bev $or6, the basket, 

tie (Stfe, the ell, the yard. bie ©alSbinbe, the cravat. 

ba$ ySaax, the pair. bet' $cmbfdjul), the glove. 

ba8 ©tiicf, the piece. bie gemtiKtttb, the linen. 

bci§ Sufcewb, the dozen. bcr $Sfe, the cheese 
gefdjtdt, sent. 

#©ei $funb $ftfe, two pounds of cheese. 

bret $aar f>aab$u$e, three pair of gloves. 

Observation.— The words $funb, ^acir, <5tM, S)ui^enb are ge- 
nerally invariable when preceded by a number. 

SBtv I)akn l)eute Jtocmatg ©Ken Seinftanb, fed)§ $als* 
binben into bret tyaax £anbfdml)e eiTjalten* SKein Sruber 
f;at gttct SJaar ©<$u$e unb eut $aar ©ttefel gelauft. 
Unfer DttM l)at bem alten ©artncr fed)$ glafd)en SQSein 
gefdndtv ffiarl l)at em ©las SBter getrunfen wnb etn 
©tud Sletfdj gegeffen. SRefaic SJlutter l)at fedjs $aar 
©trumpfe unb bret $fimb ^trfcfyen gelauft 3d) l;abe son 
bem ©attner etnen Sorb ©lumen erljaltetu Octet biefer 



— 71 — 

ctrmen %xan em ©las SSafier tmb em ©tucf Swb tmb 
flafe* £)iefes «inb J;at au »iel ©at* unb ©enf* (S>ic) 
Heme Soutfe §at §u »icl O&ft gegeffetu 

89. 

fjungrig, hungry; buvfttg, thirsty, 
gib mil, give me. 

I am hungry, give me a piece of meat and a 
little bread. Are you (1) not thirsty ? Yes, I am 
very thirsty. There is a bottle of beer. What 
have you drunk at Mrs. Bender's ? We have taken 
two glasses of wine. Give this poor child a glass 
of water and some bread and cheese. My aunt has 
bought four cravats, six pair ■ of gloves and a dozen 
pair of stockings. The shoemaker has made a pair 
of shoes for Louisa and two pair of boots for William. 
How many ells of linen have you bought ? I have 
bought twelve ells. Ferdinand has bought a pound 
of plums, six pounds of coffee and two dozen knives 
and forks. Henry is very naughty ; he has drunk 
too much wine. William has drunk one glass of 
beer. 

90. 

SBinjelm, William. Sttatljitbe, Mathilda. 

SQBtlfjelm'S, of William. SDtotljtfben'S, of Mathilda. 

s. m wt r r to William. . ' ' [ to Mathilda, 

bem SSityetm, ) ber aJtotyrtbe, j 



— 12 — 

Sofjcmtt, John. $ofa, Cologne. 

Caroline, Caroline. $ad)en, Aix-la-Chapelle. 

giitttcfj, Liege, 
er jjeigt, he is called, his name is; tooljnt, lives. 

Dtcfer SInaU l^etpt Solemn, unb feme @^t»efler Ijeipt 
Caroline* £)er Skter SBttyelm's iji cmflefommetu 3)te 
SWutter 8ouifen 1 3 iji ausgegangen* Subfttg'0 Dnlel iji 
fefyt reic|«. £einrid? 1 $ £ante iji feljr ft ant 3Rat$Uben 1 s 
©djttejiern fmb fe§t liefcenswurbige 9JJiib$en* itarolinenV 
33ruber iji ein ^ilBfd^er £nak* 23on mm §aji bu biefe 
23lmnen erljalten? 3$ f)ak biefe Slurnen son £einri$ 
unb gttbinanb erl;alten* 2Bem I^aji bu beine SSoget ge* 
gefan ? 3$ ^afce meine 236get $arl unb Souifen gegefcen* 
ffiBoljnt beitt Dnfel in $5lu ober in Stamen ? SWein Dnfel 
ttoljnt in $arte+ 3ft betn greunb son ©trajfturg obet 
Don SDtefc? ©t iji tteber son ©traPurg nocfy son SWe^; 
er iji Don Sutttd^ 

91. 

What is tlie name of your son ? His name is 
John, and his little brother is called Alfred. What 
is the name of your (female) friend ? She is called 
Pauline. Are you (1) the brother of Charles and 
William ? I am Henry's and John's brother. Ma- 
thilda's bonnet is finer than Louisa's. To whom 
have you given your birds ? We have given our 
birds to John and Ferdinand. From whom have 



— T3 — 



you (1) received this pretty bouquet? I have re- 
ceived this pretty bouquet from Emily; My uncle 
lives at Cologne, and my nephew at Aix-la-Chapelle. 



92. 



Norn, and ace. plur. 


Gen. plur. 


Dat. plur. 


bie, 


ber, 


bett. 


biefe, 


biefer, 


btefen. 


tneine, 


nteiner, 


ittetnett. 


euere, 


euerer, 


eucw. 



iljr (referring to a female noun in the singular), her. 

tljr (referring to several nouns or a noun in the plural), their. 

Observation. — 1) All nouns take It in the dative plural; the 
other cases of the plural are like the nominative. 2) Adjectives 
preceded by one of the determinative words bie, biefe, meinc, bcine 
&c. have in all cases of the plural the termination Clt. 

©efcet btefen ctrnten ithtbern ffirot 3)er £anbel 
ber Snglanber tjt grop* £)er Setter btefer SWabd^ett 
ift em fcerufymter itttnfiler* %<§ fpredje son bett 3)td)* 
tern ber ©entfdjen* £>ie 231citter btefer Sdunte finb 
atfe mmlft £)te £dnfer euerer ^iadjbam finb fo Ijocfy, 
tt>ie bas enrtge* SDtefe $ferbe ge^oren nteincn 25ritbern* 
®iefc 3itn$e gefyoren ntetnen ©djweftenu £>te arttgen 
ttnb getyorfanten Stnber tterben son i^ren Sdtern nnb 
2)luttern geltefct 3$ !Jat>e metne alten £letber bm 
SWdgben gegebem 2Btr fprecfyen son unferen neuen RU\* 
beat unb £tttetn SBer tyat ntetnen Zbtfjttm biefe 



— u — 
fl&ffittCteisfe gefd)icft? M bu ^ute Sricfe son 
betncn gteunbm fatten* 2Blt fab in ^oU unb in 
Stamen geuxfen; Kir $a*tn bie grofcn Sitdjen biefac 
©tabte gefe$em &iefe Same $at i^ren ©ofaen g»« 
Su^enb $a« ©trflmpfe unb tyctn 9Ud)tm cm ©ufcenb 
$aas £dnbfc&ufce gefoUft. <Met memen Unbent i$te 
Siic|et; fte fyabm tyre StufgaJen nod) nid)t gemadjt 



THIED PAET. 



COLLECTION OF WOEDS. 

L ®te gantllte, the family. 



bte ©Item, the parents 
ber aSciter, the father 
bte SJlutter, the mother 
ber ©o^rt, the son 
bte Softer, the daughter 
ber 23ruber, the brother 
bte ©d&roefter, the sister 
bet ©resetter, the grand- 
father 
bte ©rofmuttter, the grand- 
mother 
em Snlel, a grandson 
erne Snleltn, a granddaugh- 
ter 
ber Dttfel, the uncle 
bte £cmte, the aunt 
ber 9ieffe, the nephew 



bte SRidjte, the niece 
ber Setter, the cousin 
bte Soufme, the fern, cousin 
em ©ttefyctter, a step-father 
ber $at§e, the godfather 
bte $at$itt, the godmother 
em Snak, a boy 
em SiJiabcfyen, a girl 
ber 9Jiamt, 
ber ©etna!)!, 
bte grau, ) 
bte ©ema^tm, ) 
em SBtttwer, a widower 
erne SBtttme, a widow 
erne SOBaifc, an orphan 
ber SSormunb, the guardian 
baa SWftnbel, the ward 



a 



the husband 



the wife 



lb 



— ?6 — 



2* 2)aa Jpaus, the house. 



tie 5E^iir, the door 

bas ©djlop, the lock 

ber ©cfyluffel, the key 

bte SUngel, the bell 

ber SRtegel, the bolt 

ba§ ©todtoerf, the story 

bte £reppe, the staircase 

erne ©tufe, a step 

em Burner, a room 

em Steal, a drawing-rooni 

ba$ Sefud^tmmer, the parlor 

ein ©dblaf^ttnmer, a bedroom 

ber Salcon, the balcony 

ein genfter, a window 

erne ©djetbe, a pane 

bte genfterlaben, the shutter 

bte $)ede, the ceiling 

ber gupboben, the floor 



ber Samtn, the chimney 
bte Sucfye, the kitchen 
ber £eerb, the hearth 
ber ©petd)er, the garret 
ba$ 2>a$, the roof 
ein 3tegel, a tile 
ber £of, the yard 
ber ©tall, the stable 
bte ftrippe, the manger 
ber ,£>ol$fdjuppen, the wood- 
house 
bte ©d)eune, the barn 
ber SBacjenfcfyuppett, the 
coach-house 
ber Seller, the cellar 
ber ©arten, the garden 
ba$ Zxtibl)avi$, the green- 
house 



3* 3B8M, furniture. 



ber Stfdj, the table 
ber ©tu^I, the chair 
ber ©effel, the arm-chair 
ba£ Sanapee, the sofa 
bie ©tanbuljr, the clock 
ber Spiegel, the looking- 
glass 



bas ©emalbe, the painting 
ber Supferfftcfy, the engrav- 
ing 
ber ©cfyranf, the press 
bte ©cfyuMabe, the drawer 
bte Sommobe, the bureau, 
the chest of drawers 



— 77 — 



©djaulelflul;!, rocking-chair 
bag Sett, the bed 
bte SBtege, the cradle 
bte £)ed:e, the blanket 
bciS £eintudj, the sheet 
bte Wlatxafyt, the mattress 
ba$ Jtiffen, the pillow, the 

cushion 
ber Sorljcmg, the curtain 
ber £e)tyt$, the carpet 
ber Dfett, the stove 
ber 5Lopf, the pot 
bte ©d^ad^tel, the box 
bte ©duffel, the dish 
ber Setter, the plate 
ber 5?rug, the pitcher 
ber £eucfyter, the candlestick 
etne ^lerge, a candle 
etne Sampe, a lamp 
ber SBffel, the spoon 
bte ©afcet, the fork 
bag 9fleffer, the knife 



bte Saffe, the cup 
bte Untertaffe, the saucer 
ba$ &tfd)tudj, the table- 
cloth 
bte ©ertttette, the napkin 
bag $anbtucfy, the towel 
bag ©lag, the glass, the 

tumbler 
bte glafdje, the bottle 
ber Sorf, the cork 
ber Seeder, the mug 
bte 3u(Jerbofe, the sugar- 
bowl 
ber ©enftopf, the mustard- 
pot 
bag ©aljfaf , the salt-cellar 
bte 8tcfytfd)eere, the snuffers 
3unbf)ol^en, matches 
bag ©todjetfen, the poker 
bte geuer^ange, the tongs 
ber Rett), the basket 
etne ©cfyaufel, a shovel 



4* Metbung, clothing. 



ber SRorf, the coat 
ber SWantel, the cloas 
ber Uefcer$tet)er, the overcoat 
bag gutter, the lining 



bte Safcfye, the pocket 
bte ^ttityfe, the buttons 
bag ^nopflodj, the button- 
hole 



78 



etne Scttfe, a jacket 
erne SBefte, a waistcoat 
bte ^ofe, the pantaloons 
bte Untcr^ofe, the drawers 
bie SMfce, the cap 
ber £ut, the hat, bonnet 
bte fyaUUrfot, the cravat 
cine $aubt, a cap 
ber Sctmm, the comb 
bet During, the ear-ring 
bci3 ^alsictnb, the necklace 
bctS fyaUtufy, the neck-tie 
ber ©deleter, the veil 
bct$ StUib; the dress, gown 
etne @$ur$e, an apron 
ba£ 23anb, the ribbon 
ber ©itrtel, the girdle 
ba$ 3lrmbanb, the bracelet 
ber ^cmbfcfyuf), the glove 
ber 9ftng, the ring 
etne 23roc^e, a brooch 
etne Itljr, a watch 



ba$ SifferWatt, the dial 
bte Setger, the hands 
ber ©trumpf, the stocking 
basStrumpfbcmb, the garter 
bte ©ocfe, the sock 
ber ©ttefel, the boot 
ber @$u$, the shoe 
ber $cmtoffel, the slipper 
ba£ £emb, the shirt 
ber ©pajterftocf, the cane 
bctS £afd)entucfy,the pocket- 
handkerchief 
bte Surfte, the brush 
bte SSrtfte, the spectacles 
etne Sorgnette, an eye-glass 
etne ©tednabel, a pin 
etne SMtjnabel, a needle 
ber Stegenfd^trm, the um- 
brella 
ber ©onnenfdjtrm, the para- 
sol 
bte SSfirfe, the purse 



5* Btc^rungsmtttel, victuals. 



ba$> 23rob, the bread 
©d^mar^rob, brown bread 
SBeiptob, white bread 
t>a$ 3M)I, the meal, flour 



bets Sletf% the meat 
ber SSraten, the roast meat 
M6flet% veal 
Sttnbfleifdj, beef 



— ?9 — 



£ count etfleifd}, mutton 
©petf, bacon 
ber ©cfjinfen, the ham 
ba§ ©emiife, vegetables 
bie 23rul)e, the sauce 
bie ©uppe, the soup 
bag Si, the egg 
ber gierfucfyeu, the omelet 
bie £orte, the tart, pie. 
ber ©alar, the salad 
ber ©ettf, the mustard 
bag ©alj, the salt 
bctS Del, the oil 
ber Sfftg, the vinegar 
ber 3>-ftffcr> the pepper 
bie Sutter, the butter 



ber Raft, the cheese 
ber Stix&jm, the cake 
bag £)b\t, fruit 
bag griifyftitd, breakfast 
bag SSJlittagcffctt, dinner 
bag Slkubeffeu, supper 
ber hunger, hunger 
ber 2)urfl, thirst 
bag SBaffer, the water 
ber SQBcitt, the wine 
ba$ 23ier, the beer 
ber Saffee, the coffee 
bie 9Jli% the milk 
bie Sfyocolabe, chocolate 
ber 23rauntnxin, brandy 
ber £t;ee, the tea 



6. 3>er menfd&Kdje $5rper, the human body. 



ber Sfteufcfy, man 
ber $orper, the body 
ber $opf, the head 
bciS £aar, the hair 
bag ©eftdjt, the face 
bie ©tiru, the forehead 
bie Slugeufcraueu, the eye- 
brows 
bag Sluge, the eye 
bag Slugeulieb, the eyelid 



bie SBtmper, the eyelash 
ber Stugapfel, the eyeball 
bie -ftafe, the nose 
bag 9?afeulo$, the nostril 
^ Dt;r, the ear 
^ Sinn, the chin 
ber 23art, the beard, 
bie SBange, the cheek 
ber 9J?uub, the mouth 
bie Sippe, the lip 



— 80 — 



em S^n, a tooth 
bag SftWeifd), the gums 
bie 3unge, the tongue 
ber £alg, the neck 
bie Seljle, the throat 
bie ©coulter, the shoulder 
bet SftMen, the back 
ber 2trm, the arm 
ber Sl&ogen, the elbow 
bie %au% the fist 
bie Jpcmb, the hand 
ber Singer, the finger 
ber £>aumen, the thumb 
ber 9kgel, the nail 
' ber 9Jtagen, the stomach 



bie SSruft, the breast 
ber 23audj, the belly 
ba$ £>er$, the heart 
bie ©cite, the side 
bct£ $me, the knee 
ba$ Sent, the leg 
ber $uf, the foot 
bie Safe, the heel 
bie £aut, the skin 
ber Snocfyen, the bone 
bag Slut, the blood 
ber ©d)tt>eif, the perspi- 
ration 
bie 9?ersett, the nerves 
bie Stbern, the veins 



7* 2)ie ©tabt, the town. 



erne (Stabt, a town, city 
eine SSorjiabt, a suburb 
bie £auptftabt, the capital 
bag Sott^aug, the custom- 
house 
bie SBrucfe, the bridge 
ber ©rafcen, the ditch 
ber 2Baft, the rampart 
bie SWauer, the wall 
ber ©totfentfyurm, the steeple 
ber Z§mm, the tower 



Ut Seftung, the fortress 
bie ©trap e, the street 
bag $fTajler, the pavement 
ber SKarftplag, the market- 
place 
ber Srimnen, the fountain, 

the well 
ba^> 3?atl;J)aug, the town- 
hall 
bie tyo% the post-office 
ha^> Sweater, the theater 



81 — 



bag 3^t($cut3, the arsenal 
ba$ ©pttaly the hospital 
bie ^ird)c, the church 
bie £)omlit$e, the cathedral 
em ^lojler, a convent 
cine @d)ule, a school 
bas ©efdngntj?, the prison 
bie 333-tfe, the exchange 

8. £)as 8anb, 

ba$ Sanb, the country 

em S3auer, a peasant 

em S3 erg, a mountain 

em Styal, a valley 

ein Jpiigel, a hill 

em 33auern^au3, a cottage 

ein Dorf, a village 

em SBetlet, a hamlet 

ein ©djlop, a castle 

ein SDkietfyof, a farm 

bet $acfytet, the farmer 

eine SDlitfyle, a mill 

ein SQtufyltctb, a mill-wheel 

bet 2Balb, the forest, wood 

bet 23ufcfy, the grove 

ein gufpfab, a path 

bet 2Be$, the way, the road 

ibie gcmbfhcifje, the highway 



bet ^cutflctben, the store 
bcx $afaft, the palace 

bn ©aftyof, tne n °tel 
bie ©cfyenfe, the tavern 
bie £etfcetge, the inn 
bie Umgegenb, the environs 
bet itttd^of, the church- 
yard, cemetery 

the country. 

bat gelb, the field 
eine DueKe, a spring 
ein 23adj, a brook 
bet SJlijr, the dung 
bet (Btaub, the dust 
eine SBiefe, a meadow 
btx 23aumgatten, the or- 
chard 
ba$ $otn, the grain 
bet SOBctgett, the wheat 
bet Sftoggen, the rye 
bie ©etfte, the barley 
bet £afer, the oats 
ba% ©tof , the straw 
bie Stel)te, the ear 
bet ^alm, the blade 
bet $flug r the plough 
bie (Sgge, the harrow 



— 82 



bas £eu, the hay 
bie #eugakl, the fork 
eine ©enfe, a scythe 
bie Srnte, the harvest 



ein ©knitter, a reaper 
eine ©arte, a sheaf 
eine ©tdjel, a sickle 
bet £)refd)fkgel, the flail 



9. 

bte ©cfyule, the school 

bet ©c^iiler, the school-boy, 

scholar 
ber Secret, the teacher 
ber Soling, the pupil 
ein $ult, a desk 
ba$ 23ucfy, the book 
ber Sinbcmb, the binding 
ba$ Statt, the leaf 
eine ©eite, a page 
ba$ SBort, the word 
eine ©ilBe, a syllable 
ber 23ud)jiafce, the letter 
bie ©rammattf, the grammar 
bie S)itttc, the ink 
ba3 £)intenfa£, the inkstand 
bie @d)rift, the writing 
ba£ ©d}reibt;eft, the copy- 
book 
ba$ Sdtytnlutf), the draw- 
ing-book 
ba£ papier, the paper 



2)ie ©d)ule, the school. 

ber SSogen, the sheet 
bie geber, the pen, quill 
ba$ gebermeffer, the pen- 
knife 
ba$ SSfdjWatt, the blotting- 
paper 
ber ©treufanb, the pounce 
ber 33let(itft, the pencil 
ba$ Sineal, the ruler 
eine Qtilt, a line 
ber Dmtenffaf, the blot 
ber ©d^cmun, the sponge 
eine ©dfyiefertafel, a slate 
ber ©riffel, the slate-pen- 
cil 
eine StufgaBe, an exercise 
eine Uefcerfefcung, a trans- 
lation 
bas 23eifpiel, the example 
ber Seller, the mistake 
eine Section, a lesson 
bte ^n'tfung, examination 



83 — 



10* $iinfte unb ©eroerk, arts and trades. 



etn ©ewette, a trade 
ein £anbtt>erf, a profession 
etn Scicfer, a baker 
ein SJtutter, a miller 
em Tltfy&x, a butcher 
etn 23tertrauer, a brewer 
ein ©cfynetber, a tailor 
etn ©djufler, a shoemaker 
etn ©cfymteb, a smith 
etn ^uffcfymieb, a black- 
smith 
etn ©attler, a saddler 
ein ©djtehter, a joiner 
ein S^tmetmann, a carpen- 
ter 
etn ©olbctrfcetter, a gold- 
smith 
etn Ufyrmcufyer, a watch- 
maker 
etn tauter, a mason 
etn SSiHtcfyer, a cooper 



ein Saminfeget, a chimney- 
sweeper 
etn Supferfcfymteb, a copper- 
smith 
ein ©erkr, a tanner 
ein ©eiler, a rope-maker 
etn SSarfcter, a barber 
ein fiitnjtler, an artist 
etn 33ud)bruder, a printer 
23itd$cmbler, bookseller 
33ud)binber, bookbinder 
ein Saumetfter, an architect 
ein ©cfyaufyteler, an actor 
ein SBuftfer, a musician 
etn Strgt, a physician 
ein SSunbar^t, a surgeon 
etn S^ttarjt, a dentist 
ein 2tpotI)ef er,an apothecary 
etn SBirtfy, an innkeeper 
ein ©ctTtner, a gardener 
etn Staler, a painter 



ll* Sierfitfnge S^tere, quadrupeds. 



bct£ S£l)ter, the animal 
ba$ $fetb, the horse 
bas Sutten, the colt 
bet ©fel, the ass 



ber 9Kaulefet, the mule 
be* Jpunb, the dog 
bte &a$t, the cat 
bte SRatte, the rat 



84 — 



Me 9Kaug, the mouse 
bag Satttncfyen, the rabbit 
bag SBtefel, the weasel 
ber 3RauI»urf, the mole 
bcr Ddj)g, the ox 
ber ©tier, the bull 
bte Sulj, the cow 
bag Stalb, the calf 
ba$ ©djaf, the sheep 
bag Samm, the lamb 
bag ©cfyroeut, the hog 
bie 3tege r the goat 
bte ©emfe, the chamois 
ber £afe, the hare 



bag Std^orn, the squirrel 
ber Stffe, the monkey 
ber ffiiber, the beaver 
ber £irf<fy, the deer 
bag 3W;, the roe 
ber giid)g, the fox 
ber £)ad}3, the badger 
ber SOBolf, the wolf 
ber 23ar, the bear 
ber Some, the lion 
ber Stger, the tiger 
ber glep^ant, the elephant 
bag ^tameel, the camel 
ber Seoparb, the leopard 



12* SSogel, birds. 



ber SSoget, the bird 
ber ^afm, the cock, rooster 
bie ^penne, the hen 
ha^> Jputjtt, the chicken 
ber Zmfyaljxt, the turkey 
ber (Sd^rcan, the swan 
bte ©ang, the goose 
bte ©nte, the duck 
bte £auie, the pigeon 
ber $fau, the peacock 
bie SOBadjtel, the quail 
bte ©djncpfe, ths snipe 



bte Stmfel, the blackbird 
bte Serene, the lark 
bie 9Zad)ttgatt, the night- 
ingale 
ber Scmartetwogel, the ca- 
nary-bird 
ber gfittfe, the chaffinch 
ber #ctnfUng, the linnet 
bte SDtetfe, the titmouse 
bag 9tot$fc$ld)en, the red- 
breast 
bte ©d&roatte, the swallow 



— 85 — 



ber (Sperling, the sparrow 
bte Sljler, the magpie 
ber 9kk, the raven 
bte firafo the crow 
bie Sule, the owl 
ber $uduf, the cuckoo 
ber 3^iftg/ the siskin 



ber $apaget, the parrot 
ber ©perfcer,. the hawk 
ber gfalfe, the falcon 
ber (Stored, the stork 
ber ©traup, the ostrich 
ber 21bler, the eagle 
ber ©eter, the vulture 



13. gtfdje unb Snfecten, fishes and insects 



ber 3*fdj, the fish 
ber $ttyt f the pike 
ber Sarpfen, the carp 
ber Stal, the eel 
bie gorefle, the trout 
ber faring, the herring 
ber $reis, the lobster 
bie ©cfytlbfrfite, the tortoise 
ber SBalftfd), the whale 
bie ©flange, the snake 
bie (£tbcdfyfe, the lizard 
bte $riJte, the toad 
ber Srofd), the frog 
ber SBurm, the worm 
bie Siaupe, the caterpillar 



bte ©cfynecfe, the snail 
ba$ Snfect, the insect 
ber heifer, the beetle 
bte ©ptnne, the spider 
bte 3Ril6e, the mite 
bte Wlotkf the moth 
ber gloi), the flea 
bte gltege, the fly 
bte 2J?Me, the gnat 
bte 23tene, the bee 
ber 231utegel, the leech 
bte SBefpe, the wasp 
bte ©rifle, the cricket 
bie ^eufefyrede, the locust 
©d^metterltng, butterfly 



14. Saume unb Slumen, trees and flowers. 



ber 23aunt, the tree 
ber ©traudj, the shrub 



ber 2l|r, the branch 
ber 3^eig, the twig 



— 86 — 



bie SBurjel, the root 

bic 3tinbe, the bark 

ba* SSlatt, the leaf 

ber Sfyfet, the apple 

bet Stpfelbcmm, the apple- 
tree 

bie 23ime, the pear 

bet Strtuminn, the pear-tree 

bie $flaume, the plum 

ber ^PjTaumenbaum, the plum- 
tree 

bie 5tirf$e, the cherry 

ber iUrfcfybaum, the cherry- 
tree 

bie Sfyrifofe, the apricot 

bie $ftrf% the peach 

bie 3lu$, the nut 

bte ^imbeere, the raspberry 

bie Soljcmnigbeere, the cur- 
rant 

bie ©tacfyelbeere, the goose- 
berry 

bie Srbbeere, the strawberry 

bie ^aftcmie, the chestnut 

bie Stdfye, the oak 

bie Scmne, the pine 

bte Shtbe, the linden 

bie Sucfye, the beech 



bie 23irfe, the birch 

bie SBeibe, the willow 

bie ^Pappel, the poplar 

bie SStume, the flower 

ber Stengel, the stalk 

ber 3)om, the thorn 

bie Sofe, the rose 

ber Stofenjbtf, the rose-bush 

erne 5tnofre, a bud 

erne ^elfe, a pink 

erne Sulpe, a tulip 

eine Citie, a lily 

eine tofoje, a gill-flower 

ba£ Skild^en, the violet 

bas ©dnfeMum^en, the 
daisy 

bie SMctiblume, the lily of 
the valley 

bie itornbtume, the corn- 
flower 

bie ^acmtfye, the hyacinth 

bie ©flmtenWttme, the sun- 
flower 

bie Stieber, the lilac 

ber SBlumenjrrcmp, the bou- 
quet 

ber Stumentttyf, the flower- 
pot 



— 81 — 



15. S)ic 3ett 7 the time. 



bie 3^tt, the time 
ber StugenMtd, the moment 
tie SWinute, the minute 
bie ©tunbe, the hour 
ber £ag, the day 
em gefttag, a holiday 
em $3erftag, a working day 
bet SJJorgen, the morning 
SRtttag, noon 
Sftacfymtttag, afternoon 
ber Stbenb, the evening 
bie ^acfyr, the night 
SRttternac^t, midnight 
ba$ Satyr, the year 
ber Sftonat, the month 
Scmuar, January 
geftruar, February 
W&n, March 
Sfyrtl, April 
3Jtai, May 



Sunt, June 
Suit, July 
Stugujl, August 
(September, September 
Dctckr, October 
•Jio&emfcer, November 
2)ecemter, December 
bie SSoctye, the week 
9J?ontag, Monday 
£)ten$tag, Tuesday 
SSfttttmocty, Wednesday 
StoimerStag, Thursday 
Sfreitag, Friday 
©atnstag, Saturday 
©onntag, Sunday 
bie Satyregjeit, the season 
ber grueling, spring 
ber ©oramer, summer 
ber $txb% autumn 
ber SBinter, winter 



16. ^ranftyeiten imb ©e£red)en, diseases and defects. 



bie $rcmftyeit, the illness 

ba$ 2tr$neimittel, the remedy 

erne $tfle, a pill 

ber £>uften, the cough 

ber ©ctytucEen, the hiccough 



bie $Ra\txn, the measles 
bie Slattern, the small-pox 
bas gieier, the fever 
bie £etferfyt, hoarseness 
bie Dtynmad)t,the swooning 



— 88 



etne Srlaltung, a cold 
bte $olif, the colic 
etne ©efdjnntljl, a swelling 
etne SBunbe a wound 
etne 3?arf>e, a scar 
ber ©dfymtpfen, the cold 
btc ©ctyttinbfudjt, the con- 
sumption 



bte @ld)t, the gout 
bte ©etbfucfyt, the joundice 
em ^ttfmercmge, a corn 
ein ©tammler, a stam- 
merer 
em ©tnmmer, a mute 
ein SucfKger, a hunchback 
etn Slinber, a blind man 



17* Skrmogen ber ©eele, faculties of the soul. 



bte ©eete, the soul 

ber ©cift, the mind 

bte SSemunft, the reason 

ber ©ebcmfe, the thought 

bte ©eba^tntf, the memory 

ber SSBtfle, the will 

bte 8ie$e, love 

ber £a$, hatred 

bte gurd^t, fear 

bte £offmtng, the hope 

bte ©djrnn, shame 

bte SBc^rtjeit, truth 

etne Sitge, a lie 

ber SSerbruj?, anger 

ber 3orn, wrath 

ber ©trett, the quarrel 

etne 23eletbtgung,*an injury 

bte grenbe, joy 



bte Sergnitgen, pleasure 

bte £rcutrtgfett, sadness 

ber 9Mb, envy 

bte amtletb, pity 

bte ©itte, kindness 

bte greunbfd)aft, friendship 

bie SLugenb, virtue 

bte SBei^eit, wisdom 

bte 8after, vice 

ber ©etj, covetousness 

ber ©tolj, pride 

ber SMfnggcmg, idleness 

bie gaufijett, laziness 

bte 23erad)tung, scorn 

bte SSostycit, wickedness 

bte ©raufamfeit, cruelty 

bte grommtgfett, piety 

bte ©ebulb, patience 



89 — 



bie Sefcfyetbentjeir, modesty 1 ber Wlufy, courage 



bie &)xt, honor 

bad ©ettuffen, conscience 

ber 9M)m, glory 

18* ©igemtamen, 

Stbele, Adeline 
Slleranber, Alexander 
Stmctlte, Amelia 
Stnton, Anthony 
mbixt, Albert 
Stlfrcb, Alfred 
(Sfmjrtcm, Christian 
Sltfe, Eliza 
Smilte, Emily 
Sbuarb, Edward 
gran^, Francis 
gran^Ufa, Frances 
grtebrtdj, Frederic 
©ottfrteb, Godfrey 
©eorc;, George 
^cmndjen, Jane 
.frchmd), Henry 
£enriette, Henrietta 
Selene, Helen 



btc ^odjadjitung, esteem 

bie Sreue, fidelity 

bie ©cfymeidjelei, flattery 

proper names. 

Sctfob, James 
Solemn, John 
Safety Joseph 
Suite, Julia 
3ultua> Julius 
$arl, Charles 
Caroline, Caroline 
Katharine, Catherine 
Claret, Clara 
gctura, Laura 
Sucia, Lucy 
8ubtt)tg, Lewis 
SJiargarett^e, Margaret 
Wlaxia, Mary 
2Ratljau3) Matthew 
$eter, Peter 
S^erefe, Theresa 
SBityelm, William 
2Bill;elmine, Wilhelmina 




4 



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Rudiments of 1 

Exercises in Pronouncing, 
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